Ubuntu dapper ca

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Guia d'inici no oficial de la Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake)

Ubuntu Edgy Eft versió 6.10 : en progrés... Necessitem la teva ajuda a testejar i perfeccionar aquesta guía.


This guide was started by Chua Wen Kiat (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia). It is now being maintained by the Linux Center of University of Latvia, and everyone else who is willing to contribute.


This guide can be discussed at the official UbuntuGuide.org Forum at ubuntuforums.org. Stop by and join the discussion.


Unfortunately, because of wiki-vandalism, only registered users can edit this wiki, and only registered users can create you an account. If you wish to join and help, let me know [ raivis.dejus _at_ linux.edu.lv ]. Don't forget to say what username you would like and why do you need it (what would you like to change or add to guide).


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Contents


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General Notes


  1. This is an Unofficial Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake) Starter Guide. It is not associated with Ubuntu and Canonical Ltd.
  2. This guide can be discussed at the official UbuntuGuide.org Forum at ubuntuforums.org. Stop by and join the discussion.
  3. This guide is tested on a full installation of the Ubuntu 6.06 x86 Install CD (Dapper Drake).
  4. If you see a bluish box, this means you have to execute the commands in Terminal mode (Applications -> Accesories -> Terminal) or use the content of that box as mentioned in some other instructions.
  5. To reduce typo mistakes, copy and paste the commands into the Terminal (right click on the commands -> "Copy" or "Paste". You can also use Ctrl+C to copy and Shift+Insert to paste it, or just highlight to copy and middle click to paste).
  6. sudo or gksudo means superuser do. sudo will prompt for "Password:". Please specify your user password.
  7. If you want more information about any command, simply look at the manual page for it using the man command. For example, man sudo will display the manual page for the sudo command.
  8. If you are tired of typing apt-get all the time, Read #How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic).
  9. apt-get and wget require an Internet connection to install/update/download programs.
  10. To download a file, right click on the link -> Select "Save Link As..." -> Make sure file name and extension are correct
  11. If you wish to help translate Ubuntu to your native language or to help Ubuntu otherwise visit https://launchpad.net/
  12. May the "humanity to others" spirit be with you always...


If you are using Kubuntu you don't need to install gedit anymore, because now there's a symbolic link from gedit to kate, so you can use all the commands below with no problems. By the way, if you want to use gedit as your editor, do: 
sudo apt-get install gedit
If the "gedit" command (symbolic link) is not working, you could also create it: 
sudo ln -s /usr/bin/kate /usr/bin/gedit
If you are using 64-bit version replace any "i386" with "amd64"
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Getting Started

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What is Ubuntu

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What is new in Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper Drake

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Where to view Ubuntu screenshots / screencast

Videos
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Where to view Kubuntu screenshots / screencast

Kubuntu Installation Guide

Videos

http://osvids.com/files/page3-108-pop.html

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Where to find a list of all the programs and libraries that come with Ubuntu

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Where to download Ubuntu

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Where to order Ubuntu CDs absolutely FREE

Please note that CDs may take four to six weeks to be delivered. You are encouraged to copy, modify, and redistribute the disks as much as possible.

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Where to find help for Ubuntu

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Where to look for new programs

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Where to look for style elements for your desktop

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Repositories

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How to add extra repositories 

sudo cp -p /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list
  • Replace everything with the following lines
To use your local mirror you can add "cc." before archive.ubuntu.com (cc = your country code)
e.g. deb http://lv.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse 
## Add comments (##) in front of any line to remove it from being checked.   
## Use the following sources.list at your own risk.  

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse

## MAJOR BUG FIX UPDATES produced after the final release
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse

## UBUNTU SECURITY UPDATES
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse

## BACKPORTS REPOSITORY (Unsupported.  May contain illegal packages.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## PLF REPOSITORY (Unsupported.  May contain illegal packages.  Use at own risk.)
deb http://packages.freecontrib.org/plf dapper free non-free
deb-src http://packages.freecontrib.org/plf dapper free non-free                                               
                                                                                                                                          
## CANONICAL COMMERCIAL REPOSITORY (Hosted on Canonical servers, not Ubuntu
## servers. RealPlayer10, Opera and more to come.) 
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu dapper-commercial main
  • Save the edited file 
wget http://packages.freecontrib.org/ubuntu/plf/12B83718.gpg -O- | sudo apt-key add -
sudo apt-get update
  • You may also replace your sources.list with this very complete list: sources.list (be sure to replace "it" from "it.archive.ubuntu.com" with your country code) Use at own risk.
  • Modify the default Ubuntu sources.list only if you understand what you're doing. Mixing repos can cause breakage.
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Ubuntu Updates

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How to manually update Ubuntu 

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

OR

Use Update Manager: System -> Administration -> Update Manager

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How to automatically update Ubuntu

NOTE: Depending on how many packages need to be downloaded and updated, your machine can slow down significantly during the first update. 
sudo crontab -e
  • Add the following line to the crontab file
NOTE: The second 0 is the time of the day this command is run. This can be changed to whatever time is appropriate for you (0-23) 
0 0 * * * apt-get -y update && apt-get y upgrade && apt-get -y dist-upgrade && apt-get -y clean
  • Save and exit the file
  • This creates a cron job that runs every day at 12:00 am, it will update apt-get with new packages from the repository, update the packages (including new kernels) and clean off old downloaded packages so they do not slowly eat up your hard drive space.
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Add-On Applications

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How to use Easy Ubuntu

  • Read #General Notes
  • Easy Ubuntu is a small straight-forward utility that allows novice users to easily install a wide variety of content for Ubuntu such as media codecs, fonts, Macromedia Flash and Sun Java. 
wget http://easyubuntu.freecontrib.org/files/easyubuntu-3.023.tar.gz
tar -zxf easyubuntu-3.023.tar.gz
cd easyubuntu
sudo python easyubuntu.in
  • From the Easy Ubuntu window, check the appropriate boxes to download and install content to Ubuntu.
  • Note: Users of the previous EasyUbuntu 3.0 version may experience issues with installing Flash and Java.
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How to install Automatix on Ubuntu, Kubuntu, and Xubuntu

  • Read #General Notes
  • Automatix is a graphical interface for automating the installation of the most commonly requested applications in Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Xubuntu linux.
  • Note: Before installing, please note that certain codecs it provides may be prohibited in certain countries. You are responsible for ensuring those laws are not broken.
  • using your favorite text editor (kwrite, gedit) 
gksudo kwrite /etc/apt/sources.list
  • Uncomment the following lines 
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main
  • If you use Ubuntu or Xubuntu Dapper, add the following line to the end of the file. 
deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt dapper main
  • If you use Kubuntu, add the following line to the end of the file. 
deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt kubuntu main
  • Save the file and close it
  • Acquire GPG key 
wget http://www.getautomatix.com/apt/key.gpg.asc
gpg --import key.gpg.asc
gpg --export --armor 521A9C7C | sudo apt-key add -
  • Run the following commands to install Automatix 
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zenity
sudo apt-get install automatix2
  • Automatix can be started from the command line 
automatix
  • It will be added to the Menu, as well 
Menu -> System -> Automatix-Kubuntu
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How to install Clipboard Daemon for GNOME 

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2
sudo tar jxvf gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2 -C /usr/bin/
sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon
sudo gnome-clipboard-daemon &
export EDITOR=gedit && crontab -e
  • Add the following line at the end of file 
@reboot gnome-clipboard-daemon
  • Save the edited file
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How to install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox 

sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jre sun-java5-plugin
  • When asked, agree with DLJ license terms.
  • To configure J2SE as the default JVM (necessary for programs such as Frostwire, Freenet, RSSOwl and as a plugin for Mozilla Firefox): 
sudo update-alternatives --config java

Then choose the option that corresponds to J2SE.

[edit]

How to install JRE v5.0 Update 8

  • Copy it to /usr/java/ 
sudo chmod a+x jre-1_5_0_08-linux-i586.bin
sudo ./jre-1_5_0_08-linux-i586.bin
cd /usr/lib/firefox/plugins
sudo ln -s /usr/java/jre1.5.0_08/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so
cd /usr/lib/mozilla/plugins
sudo ln -s /usr/java/jre1.5.0_08/plugin/i386/ns7/libjavaplugin_oji.so
  • Restart Mozilla Firefox
  • If you get an error, try changing the 08's in the filenames to the appropriate version number.
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How to install Flash Player (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox 

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree
sudo update-flashplugin
  • Restart Mozilla Firefox

Note: if sound doesn't work in Flash Player (for example on YouTube): 

sudo apt-get install alsa-oss
gksudo gedit /etc/firefox/firefoxrc

Change: 

FIREFOX_DSP=""

To: 

FIREFOX_DSP="aoss"
  • Restart Mozilla Firefox. Now sound should work in Flash Player.
[edit]

How to install PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox 

sudo apt-get install acroread mozilla-acroread acroread-plugins

Note: Adobe Reader 7.0 will not run if SCIM is running. You are running SCIM if you have installed another language to Ubuntu via System -> Administration -> Language Support. To circumvent, do the following 

gksudo gedit /usr/bin/acroread

Change: 

#!/bin/sh
#

to: 

#!/bin/sh
#
GTK_IM_MODULE=xim

Save the file. Now Adobe Reader 7.0 should work.

See also:

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How to install Download Manager (Downloader for X) 

sudo apt-get install d4x


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How to install a password manager (Revelation) 

sudo apt-get install revelation
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How to install FTP Client (gFTP) 

sudo apt-get install gftp
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How to install IRC Client (XChat) 

sudo apt-get install xchat xchat-systray
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How to install a Video Production Suite (Cinelerra)

From Here 

gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

Add this to the bottom, and uncomment the one for your architecture (i686 is what I use): 

# Cinelerra
# deb http://www.kiberpipa.org/~gandalf/ubuntu/dapper/cinelerra/pentium4/ ./
# deb http://www.kiberpipa.org/~gandalf/ubuntu/dapper/cinelerra/athlonxp/ ./
deb http://www.kiberpipa.org/~gandalf/ubuntu/dapper/cinelerra/i686/ ./
deb http://www.kiberpipa.org/~gandalf/ubuntu/dapper/mjpegtools ./

Update: 

sudo apt-get update

Now install: 

sudo apt-get install cinelerra


[edit]

How to install File share utility (LinuxDC++) 

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/linuxdcpp.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf linuxdcpp.tar.gz -C /opt
gksudo gedit /usr/share/applications/linuxdcpp.desktop
  • Insert the following lines into the new file 
[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=LinuxDC++
Exec=linuxdcpp
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Icon=/opt/linuxdcpp/pixmaps/linuxdcpp.png
Categories=Application;Network;
  • Save the edited file
  • Applications -> Internet -> LinuxDC++
  • If you whant to build the latest version from CVS use this guide
[edit]

How to install P2P BitTorrent Client (Azureus) 

sudo apt-get install azureus
  • Applications -> Internet -> Azureus
  • (Alternative Method) The above method installs a version of Azureus compiled with gcj, the free alternative to Sun's Java. 
wget http://kent.dl.sourceforge.net/sourceforge/azureus/Azureus_2.5.0.0_linux.tar.bz2
sudo tar jxvf Azureus_2.5.0.0_linux.tar.bz2 -C /opt/
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/azureus.desktop
  • Add the following to the new file 
[Desktop Entry] 
Name=Azureus
Comment=A Bittorrent client
Exec=/opt/azureus/azureus
Icon=/opt/azureus/Azureus.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;
  • Save the edited file
  • Applications -> Internet -> Azureus
[edit]

How to install P2P BitTorrent Client (Bittornado) 

sudo apt-get install bittornado
sudo apt-get install bittornado-gui
  • Applications -> Internet -> Bittornado Client
[