Perspectoff: Reverted to version before vandalism -- when will guide put in Recaptcha?

Perspectoff — Tue, 18 Aug 2009 13:16:25 GMT

Reverted to version before vandalism -- when will guide put in Recaptcha?

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[[Image:Ubuntuguide_logo.png]]

== Unofficial Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake) Starter Guide ==

Ang guide na ito http://ubuntuguide.org/ ay sinimulan ni [[User:Jiyuu0|Chua Wen Kiat]] (Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia).
Eto ngayon ay pinangangalagaan ng Linux Center of University of Latvia, at lahat ng gustong makibahagi dito.

Contributors: [[User:Orvils|Orvils]], [[User:Quash|Quash]], [[User:Manicka|Manicka]], [[User:Jiyuu0|Jiyuu0]], [[User:Cargo|Cargo]], [[User:Byte|Byte]], [[User:Krampo|krampo]], [[User:Simos|Simos]], [[User:Stubby|Stubby]], [[User:Eljaco|eljaco]], [[User:shai|shai]], [[User:ThunderM|ThunderM]], [[User:Hasile|Hasile]], [[User:adammichaelroach|adammichaelroach]], [[User:Belisarivs|Belisarivs]], [[User:Cheator|Cheator]]...

Ang guide na ito ay pwedeng talakayin sa opisyal na [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=78 UbuntuGuide.org Forum] sa ubuntuforums.org. Stop by at sumali sa talakayan.

Subalit, dahil sa [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiki_vandalism wiki-vandalism], ang mga nakarehistrong users lamang ang pwedeng magbago sa wiki na ito, at ang nga nakarehistrong users lamang and pwedeng gumawa ng account para sa iyo. Kung gusto niyong sumali at tumulong, ipaalam niyo lang sakin [ orvils _at_ gmail _dot_ com ]. Wag kalimutang sabihin ang username na gusto niyo.

{{UbuntuLanguageBar|languages=Other Languages:|InProgress=In Progress:}}

Mas lumang Bersyon: [[Ubuntu | Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)]]:
{{BreezyLanguageBar|languages=Talen:|InProgress=In opbouw:}}

__TOC__

== Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin ==

#Ito ay isang di-opisyal na Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake) Starter Guide. Hindi ito nakaugnay sa Ubuntu at Canonical Ltd.
#Ang patnubay na ito ay maaaring talakayin sa opisyal na [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/forumdisplay.php?f=78 UbuntuGuide.org Forum] sa ubuntuforums.org. Bumisita at sumali sa talakayan.
#Itong patnubay ay sinubukan sa kumpletong installation ng Ubuntu 6.06 x86 Install CD (Dapper Drake)
#Kung may makita kayong mala-asul na kahon, ibig sabihin ay kailangang isagawa ang mga command sa Terminal mode (Applications -> System Tools -> Terminal) o kaya gamitin ang nilalaman ng kahon tulad ng binanggit sa ibang tagubilin.
#Para mabawasan ang mga pagkakamaling dulot ng maling pagpindot, kopyahin at i-paste ang mga command sa Terminal mode (i-right click sa mga command -> "Copy" or "Paste". Pwede ring gamitin ang Ctrl+C parang magkopya at Shift+Insert para mag-paste)
#Ibig sabihin ng "sudo" ay ''superuser do''. "sudo" ay magtatanong ng "Password:". Pakitype lang ang user password.
#Kung gusto niyo ng mas maraming impormasyon tungkol sa kahit anong command, tignan lamang ang pahina sa manwal gamit ang "man" na command. Kunwari, ang "man sudo" ay magpapakita ng pahina sa manwal para sa "sudo" na command.
#Kung napapagod ka na sa kaka-type ng "apt-get", basahin ang [[#How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic)]]
#"apt-get" at "wget" ay nangangailangan ng koneksyon sa Internet para mag install/update/download ng mga programa
#Para magdownload ng file, i-right click ang link -> Piliin ang "Save Link As..." -> Siguraduhing tama ang filename at extension
#Kung gusto mong tumulong sa pagsalin sa iyong wika o kaya ay tumulong sa Ubuntu sa iba pang paraan, bisitahin ang https://launchpad.net/
#Ang espiritu ng "humanity to others" nawa ay pumalaging kasama mo...

:Kung gumamgamit ka ng Kubuntu hindi na kailangang mag-install ng Gedit, dahil ngayon ay may symbolic link na mula "gedit" sa "kate", para magamit mo ang lahat ng mga command sa baba ng walang problema. Siya nga pala, kung gusto niyong gamitin ang gedit bilang editor mo, gawin:

sudo apt-get install gedit

:Kung hindi gumagana ang "gedit" command (symbolic link), pwede ka ring gumawa nito:

sudo ln -s /usr/bin/kate /usr/bin/gedit

:''Kung gumagamit ka ng 64-bit na bersyon palitan ang kahit anong "i386" ng "amd64"''

== Getting Started ==

==== Ano Ang Ubuntu ====

*http://www.ubuntu.com/ubuntu

==== Anong Bago Sa Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper Drake ====

*http://www.ubuntu.com/testing/dapperbeta

==== Saan makikita ang mga Ubuntu screenshots / screencast ====
* http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/slideshow.php?release=659&slide=4&title=ubuntu+6.06+screenshots
* http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=481&num=1
:'''Videos'''
* http://osvids.com/files/page3-1034-pop.html
* http://osvids.com/files/page3-1035-pop.html
* http://osvids.com/files/page3-1036-pop.html

==== Saan makikita ang mga Kubuntu screenshots / screencast ====
* http://shots.osdir.com/slideshows/slideshow.php?release=662&slide=4&title=kubuntu+6.06+screenshots
* http://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=320&num=1
:'''Videos'''
http://osvids.com/files/page3-108-pop.html

==== Saan makikita ang listahan ng lahat ng programa/library na kasama sa Ubuntu ====

*Resulta ng dpkg -l: [http://packages.ubuntu.com/dapper/allpackages.en.txt.gz dito]
*http://packages.ubuntu.com/dapper
*http://distrowatch.com/table.php?distribution=ubuntu

==== Saan maaaring magdownload ng Ubuntu ====

*http://releases.ubuntu.com/6.06/

==== Saan makaka-order ng Ubuntu CD ng LIBRE ====

*http://shipit.ubuntu.com
Please note that CDs may take four to six weeks to deliver. Inaanyayahan kayong i-copy, baguhin, at ipalaganap ang mga disk as much as possible.

==== Saan makakakita ng tulong para sa Ubuntu ====

*See: ''System -> Help -> System Documentation''
*[http://help.ubuntu.com/ Official Documentation website]
*[https://wiki.ubuntu.com/UserDocumentation Official User Documentation (wiki)]
*[http://doc.gwos.org/index.php/Main_Page Ubuntu Document Storage Facility]
*[http://www.ubuntu.com/community/lists Mailing Lists]
*[http://www.ubuntu.com/community/forums Web Forums]
*[irc://irc.freenode.net/ubuntu IRC Channel]

==== Saan makakahanap ng mga bagong programa ====

* http://gnomefiles.org/
* http://www.kde-apps.org/
* [http://freshmeat.net/browse/18/ http://freshmeat.net]
* http://sourceforge.net/

==== Saan maghahanap ng mga bagong ''style elements'' para sa iyong desktop ====

* http://gnome-look.org/
* http://www.kde-look.org/
* http://art.gnome.org/

== Mga Repositoryo ==

==== Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo ====

*Basahin ang [[#General Notes]]
*Maaari rin [[#How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic) | magdagdag ng kargdagang repositoryo gamit ang Synaptic Package Manager]]. Maaaring mas madali para sa mga bagong user magdagdag ng karagdagang repository sa pamamagitan ng Package Manager. Kung susundin mo ang link sa itaas, di mo na kailangan sundin pa ang susunod sa tip na ito.

sudo cp -p /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list_backup
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

*Palitan lahat ng sumusunod
:Para gamitin ang iyong lokal na mirror maaaring idagdag ang "''cc.''" bago ang ''archive.ubuntu.com'' (cc = ang code ng iyong bansa)
:hal. ''<nowiki>deb http://lv.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse</nowiki>''

## Magdagdag ng komento (##) sa kahit anong linya para di ito icheck.
## Gamitin ang sumusunod na sources.list at your own risk.

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main restricted universe multiverse

## MAJOR BUG FIX UPDATES produced after the final release
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-updates main restricted universe multiverse

## UBUNTU SECURITY UPDATES
deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-security main restricted universe multiverse

## BACKPORTS REPOSITORY (Unsupported. May contain illegal packages. Use at own risk.)
deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse

## PLF REPOSITORY (Unsupported. May contain illegal packages. Use at own risk.)
deb http://packages.freecontrib.org/plf dapper free non-free
deb-src http://packages.freecontrib.org/plf dapper free non-free

## CANONICAL COMMERCIAL REPOSITORY (Hosted on Canonical servers, not Ubuntu
## servers. RealPlayer10, Opera and more to come.)
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu dapper-commercial main

*i-save ang inedit na file

sudo apt-get update

* Maaari karing lumikha ng sarili mong sources.list at maghanap ng ibang repositoryo sa: http://www.ubuntulinux.nl/source-o-matic

* Maaari mo ring palitan ang iyong sources.list nitong napakakumpletong listahan: [http://italy.copybase.ch/blog/lista-repository-sourceslist-ottimizzata-per-ubuntu-kubuntu-linux/ sources.list] (siguraduhing palitan ang "it" sa "it.archive.ubuntu.com" ng iyong country code. Use at own risk.

* ''Baguhin lamang ang default Ubuntu sources.list kung naiintindihan mo ang iyong ginagawa. Ang pagkakahalo ng mga repositoryo ay maaaring sanhi ng pagkasira.''

== Ubuntu Updates ==

==== Paano Manu-Manong I-update Ang Ubuntu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade

'''O Kaya'''

Gamitin ang Update Manager: ''System -> Administration -> Update Manager''

== Mga Karagdagang Application ==

==== Paano Gamitin Ang Easy Ubuntu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Ang Easy Ubuntu ay isang maliit at diretsahang utility that allows novice users na madaling mag-install ng iba't ibang content para sa Ubuntu tulad ng media codecs, fonts, Macromedia Flash at Sun Java.

wget http://easyubuntu.freecontrib.org/files/easyubuntu-3.021.tar.gz
tar -zxf easyubuntu-3.021.tar.gz
cd easyubuntu
sudo python easyubuntu.in

*Mula sa Easy Ubuntu window, i-check ang naaangkop ng box para i-download at i-install ang content sa Ubuntu.
*Paunawa: Ang mga gumagamit ng naunang EasyUbuntu 3.0 na bersyon ay maaaring makaranas ng problema sa pag-install ng Flash and Java.

==== Paano maginstall ng Automatix sa Ubuntu, Kubuntu, at Xubuntu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Ang Automatix ay isang graphical interface para sa automatic na installation ng pinaka-karaniwang application na hinihiling sa Ubuntu/Kubuntu/Xubuntu linux.
*Paunawa: Bago maginstall, unawain na ang ibang mga codec na dala nito sa ibang software ay maaaring ipinagbabawal a ibang bansa. Ikaw ang may responsibilidad na ang mga batas na ito ay hindi masaway.

*gamit ang iyong paboritong text editor (kwrite, gedit)

sudo kwrite /etc/apt/sources.list

*Tanggalin ang comment sa mga sumusunod na linya
#deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main
#deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper main

*Kung gumagamit ka ng Ubuntu o Xubuntu Dapper, idagdag ang mga sumusunod na linya sa dulo ng file.

deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt dapper main

*Kung gumagamit ka ng Kubuntu, idagdag ang mga sumusunod na linya sa dulo ng file.

deb http://www.getautomatix.com/apt kubuntu main

*I-save ang file at isara.

*Kumuha ng GPG key

wget http://www.getautomatix.com/apt/key.gpg.asc
gpg --import key.gpg.asc
gpg --export --armor 521A9C7C | sudo apt-key add -

*Patakbuhin ang mga sumusunod na command para maginstall ng Automatix

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install zenity
sudo apt-get install automatix

*Ang Automatix ay maaaring simulan sa command line

automatix

*Madadagdag rin ito sa Menu

Menu>System>Automatix-Kubuntu

==== Paano maginstall ng Clipboard Daemon para sa GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2
sudo tar jxvf gnome-clipboard-daemon-1.0.bin.tar.bz2 -C /usr/bin/
sudo chown root:root /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/gnome-clipboard-daemon
sudo gnome-clipboard-daemon &
export EDITOR=gedit && crontab -e

*Idagdag ang linyang nasa baba sa dulo ng file

@reboot gnome-clipboard-daemon

*Isave ang nabagong file

==== Paano maginstall ng J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) na may Plug-in para sa Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install sun-java5-jre sun-java5-plugin

*Kapag tinanong, sumangayon DLJ license terms.

*Para i-configure ang J2SE bilang default JVM (kailangan para sa mga programang tulad ng Frostwire, RSSOwl at para sa plugin para sa Mozilla Firefox):

sudo update-alternatives --config java

Pagkatapos ay piliin ang ''option'' na tumutugma sa J2SE.

==== Paano maginstall ng Flash Player (Macromedia Flash) Plug-in para sa Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install flashplugin-nonfree
sudo update-flashplugin

*I-restart ang Mozilla Firefox

==== Paano mag-install ng PDF Reader (Adobe Reader) na may Plug-in para sa Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install acroread
sudo apt-get install mozilla-acroread
sudo apt-get install acroread-plugins

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Office -> Adobe Reader
*I-restart Mozilla Firefox

==== Paano maginstall ng Download Manager (Downloader for X) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install d4x

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> Downloader for X

==== Paano maginstall ng FTP Client (gFTP) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install gftp

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> gFTP

==== Paano maginstall ng File share utility (DC++) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/linuxdcpp.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf linuxdcpp.tar.gz -C /opt
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/dcpp.desktop

*Idagdag ang sumusunod na linya sa bagong file

[Desktop Entry]
Encoding=UTF-8
Name=DC++
Exec=/opt/linuxdcpp/ldcpp
Terminal=false
Type=Application
StartupNotify=true
Icon=/opt/linuxdcpp/pixmaps/linuxdcpp.svg
Categories=Application;Network;

*I-save ang nabagong file

*Applications -> Internet -> DC++

==== Paano maginstall ng P2P BitTorrent Client (Azureus) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo apt-get install azureus

*Applications -> Internet -> Azureus

==== Paano maginstall ng P2P BitTorrent Client (Bittornado) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install bittornado
sudo apt-get install bittornado-gui

*Applications -> Internet -> Bittornado Client

==== Paano maginstall ng P2P eMule Client (aMule) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install amule

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> aMule

==== Paano maginstall ng P2P Gnutella Client (FrostWire) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano maginstall ng J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) na may Plug-in para sa Mozilla Firefox]]

wget -c http://www.users.on.net/~stubby/FrostWire-4.10.9-2.i586.deb
sudo dpkg -i FrostWire-4.10.9-2.i586.deb

*Applications -> Internet -> FrostWire

==== Paano maginstall ng Messenger (Skype) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

*Idagdag ang mga sumusunod na linya sa dulo ng file

## Repository for Skype
deb http://download.skype.com/linux/repos/debian/ stable non-free

*I-save ang nabagong file

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install skype

*Applications -> Internet -> Skype

==== How to install WinPopup (LinPopUp) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo apt-get install linpopup
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/linpopup.desktop

*Idagdag ang sumusunod na linya sa bagong file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=LinPopUp
Comment=LinPopUp
Exec=linpopup
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/linpopup.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Utility;

*I-save ang naedit na file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Accessories -> LinPopUp

==== Paano maginstall ng Multimedia Codecs ====

[[User:Stubby|Stubby]] Lahat ng nalalamang codecs ay gumagana maliban sa wmv

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-ffmpeg gstreamer0.10-gl gstreamer0.10-plugins-base
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-good gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-bad-multiverse gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly-multiverse

*Basahin [[#How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer]]

==== Paano Maginstall Ng Kakayahang Mag-play ng DVD ====

[[User:ironss|ironss]]: gstreamer dvd plugin ay makukuhang bahagi ng plugins-bad (or ugly?) and does not work reliably. Subalit, ang Totem ay gumagana gamit ang xine backend para mag-play ng mga DVD. This will keep you going until gstreamer gets dvd playback. Pansinin na hindi kailangang mag-install ng xine-ui o mplayer as suggested in

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install libdvdread3
sudo /usr/share/doc/libdvdread3/examples/install-css.sh
sudo apt-get install totem-xine

[[User:Stubby|Stubby]]: gstreamer dvd plugin ay di pa na-port sa dapper. ang susunod na direksyon ay hindi gagana ng maayos.

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install libdvdcss2

==== Paano maginstall ng Multimedia Player (xine-ui) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano maginstall ng Multimedia Codecs]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano Maginstall Ng Kakayahang Mag-play ng DVD]]

sudo apt-get install xine-ui libxine-extracodecs

*Iugnay ang xine-ui para magplay multimedia files

gconftool-2 --type string --set /desktop/gnome/volume_manager/autoplay_dvd_command "xine dvd://"
sudo rm -f /usr/share/applnk/Multimedia/xine.desktop
sudo ln -fs /usr/share/xine/desktop/xine.desktop /usr/share/applications/
sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup
sudo sed -e 's/totem.desktop/xine.desktop/g' /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup > /tmp/defaults.list
sudo mv /tmp/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Basahin ang [[#How to refresh GNOME desktop]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> xine

==== How to install VLC Multimedia Player with plug-in for Mozilla Firefox====
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install vlc vlc-plugin-* mozilla-plugin-vlc

:Applications -> Sound and Video -> VLC Media Player

==== How to install Multimedia Player (Mplayer) with plug-in for Mozilla Firefox====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install mozilla-mplayer

:Applications -> Sound and Video -> MPlayer Movie Player

==== How to install Multimedia Player (Totem) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Codecs]]
*Read [[#How to install DVD playback capability]]

sudo apt-get install totem-gstreamer-firefox-plugin

*Restart Mozilla Firefox

==== How to install Multimedia Player (XMMS) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Codecs]]

sudo apt-get install xmms
sudo apt-get install xmms-skins
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/xmms-wma_1.0.4-2_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i xmms-wma_1.0.4-2_i386.deb

*Associate XMMS to play MP3/M3U/WAV files

sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list_backup
sudo cp /usr/share/applications/defaults.list /tmp/defaults.list_tmp
sudo sed -e 's/audio\/mpeg=.*/audio\/mpeg=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.list_tmp > /tmp/defaults.mp3
sudo sed -e 's/audio\/x-mpegurl=.*/audio\/x-mpegurl=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.mp3 > /tmp/defaults.m3u
sudo sed -e 's/audio\/x-wav=.*/audio\/x-wav=XMMS.desktop/g' /tmp/defaults.m3u > /tmp/defaults.list
sudo mv /tmp/defaults.list /usr/share/applications/defaults.list
sudo rm -f /tmp/defaults.*

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Read [[#How to refresh GNOME desktop]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> XMMS

==== How to install Multimedia Player (amaroK) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Codecs]]

sudo apt-get install amarok

*Applications -> Sound & Video -> amaroK

==== How to install Multimedia Player (RealPlayer 10) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install realplay

:Note: 'realplay' installs RealPlayer 10 from PLF repository, which you should be enabled if you followed this guide. 'realplayer' installs RealPlayer 8 from multiverse.

*Applications -> Sound & Video -> RealPlayer 10
*It will also install all the necessary plugins automagically for it to view embedded real videos in Firefox
*To avoid issues of flickering or screen going blank when switching windows, goto
* RealPlayer 10 -> Tools -> Preferences -> Hardware -> Uncheck XVideo

==== How to install Stream Directory Browser (streamtuner) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install streamtuner
sudo apt-get install streamripper

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> streamtuner

==== How to install Music Organizer (Cowbell) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install cowbell

*Applications -> Sound & Video -> Cowbell Music Organizer

==== Paano maginstall ng ID3 Tag Editor (EasyTAG) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install easytag

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> EasyTAG

==== Paano maginstall ng Video Editor (Kino) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Codecs]]

sudo apt-get install kino
sudo apt-get install kinoplus
sudo apt-get install kino-timfx
sudo apt-get install kino-dvtitler

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> Kino Video Editor

==== Paano maginstall ng Audio Editor (Audacity) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Codecs]]

sudo apt-get install audacity

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> Audacity

==== Paano maginstall ng DVD Ripper (dvd::rip) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Codecs]]
*Read [[#How to install DVD playback capability]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Player (Totem) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox]]
*Read [[#How to install RAR Archiver (rar)]]

sudo apt-get install dvdrip
sudo apt-get install vcdimager
sudo apt-get install cdrdao
sudo apt-get install subtitleripper
sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/rar-2.80
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/dvdrip.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=dvd::rip
Comment=dvd::rip
Exec=dvdrip
Icon=/usr/share/perl5/Video/DVDRip/icon.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;

*Save the edited file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> dvd::rip

==== Paano maginstall ng CD Ripper (Goobox) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Codecs]]

sudo apt-get install goobox
sudo rm -f /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/goobox.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=CD Player & Ripper
Comment=Play and extract CDs
Exec=goobox
Icon=goobox.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;AudioVideo;

*Save the edited file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> CD Player & Ripper

==== How to install Image Viewer (digiKam) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install digikam digikamimageplugins kipi-plugins

*Applications -> Graphics -> digikam

==== How to install Picasa image organizer ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

* Add the following lines at the end of file

# Google Picasa for Linux repository
deb http://dl.google.com/linux/deb/ stable non-free

* Save the edited file

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install picasa

*Applications -> Graphics -> Picasa

==== How to install Opera web browser ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

* Add the following lines at the end of file

# The Opera web browser repopsitory
deb http://deb.opera.com/opera etch non-free

* Save the edited file

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install opera

*Applications -> Internet -> Opera

*To get java working go to Tools->Preferences->Advanced->Content-> Check "Enable Java". Click the "Enable Java..." button enter "/usr/lib/jvm/java-1.5.0-sun/jre/lib/i386" (for sun java) in the new dialog and then click the "Validate Java Path" button.

==== Paano maginstall ng Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install mozilla-thunderbird

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> Thunderbird Mail Client

==== Paano maginstall ng Newsreader (Pan) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

wget -c http://www.users.on.net/~stubby/pan_0.100_i386.deb
sudo apt-get install libgmime2.1
sudo dpkg -i pan_0.100_i386.deb

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> Pan Newsreader

==== How to install RSS/RDF/Atom Newsreader (RSSOwl) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install J2SE Runtime Environment (JRE) with Plug-in for Mozilla Firefox]]

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin.tar.gz -C /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/
sudo gedit /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh

*Insert the following lines into the new file

export MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME=/usr/lib/mozilla-firefox
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH:${MOZILLA_FIVE_HOME}:${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}
cd /opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/
./run.sh

*Save the edited file

sudo chmod +x /usr/bin/runRSSOwl.sh
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RSSOwl.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=RSSOwl
Comment=RSSOwl
Exec=runRSSOwl.sh
Icon=/opt/rssowl_linux_1_1_3_bin/rssowl.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;

*Save the edited file
*Applications -> Internet -> RSSOwl

==== Paano maginstall ng Web Authoring System (Nvu) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install nvu
sudo rm -f /usr/share/applications/nvu.desktop
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/nvu.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Nvu
Comment=Web Development Editor
Exec=nvu
Icon=nvu.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;

*Save the edited file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> Nvu

====How to install Web Development Environment (quanta plus) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install quanta

*Applications -> Programming -> Quanta Plus

==== Paano maginstall ng Project Management Application (Planner) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install planner

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Office -> Project Management

==== Paano maginstall ng Accounting Application (GnuCash) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install gnucash
sudo rm -fr /usr/share/gnome/apps/Applications/
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/GnuCash.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=GnuCash
Comment=GnuCash Personal Finance
Exec=gnucash
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/gnucash/gnucash-icon.png
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Office;

*Save the edited file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Office -> GnuCash

==== Paano maginstall ng Desktop Publishing Application (Scribus) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install scribus

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Office -> Scribus

==== Paano maginstall ng Diagram Editor (Dia) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install dia-gnome

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Graphics -> Dia

==== Paano maginstall ng Compiled HTML Help (CHM) Viewer (xCHM) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install xchm

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Graphics -> xCHM

==== How to install CD/DVD Burning Application (GnomeBaker) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install gnomebaker

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Sound & Video -> GnomeBaker

==== How to install CD/DVD Burning Application (K3b) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install k3b k3b-mp3

*Applications -> Sound & Video -> K3b

==== How to install Dialup PPP Client (GNOME PPP) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install gnome-ppp

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> GNOME PPP

==== How to install Broadband ADSL/PPPoE Client (RP-PPPoE) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Basic Compilers (build-essential)]]

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/rp-pppoe-3.6.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf rp-pppoe-3.6.tar.gz -C /opt/
sudo chown -R root:root /opt/rp-pppoe-3.6/
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/RP-PPPoE.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=RP-PPPoE
Comment=RP-PPPoE
Exec=gksudo /opt/rp-pppoe-3.6/go-gui
Icon=
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Network;

*Save the edited file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Internet -> RP-PPPoE

==== Paano Mag-Install Ng Boot-Up Manager (BUM) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install bum

*Basahin ang [[#How to refresh GNOME panel]]
*System -> Administration -> Boot-Up Manager

==== How to install Partition Editor (GParted) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install gparted

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> GParted

==== How to install Firewall (Firestarter) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install firestarter

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> Firestarter

==== How to install network traffic analyzer (Ethereal) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install ethereal

*Applications -> Internet -> Ethereal

==== How to install Vulnerability Scanner (Nessus) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install nessus
sudo apt-get install nessusd
sudo nessus-adduser
sudo ln -fs /etc/init.d/nessusd /etc/rc2.d/S20nessusd
sudo /etc/init.d/nessusd start
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/Nessus.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Nessus
Comment=Nessus
Exec=nessus
Icon=/usr/share/pixmaps/nessus.xpm
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;

*Save the edited file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> Nessus

==== How to install RAR Archiver (rar) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install rar
sudo ln -fs /usr/bin/rar /usr/bin/unrar

*Applications -> Accessories -> Archive Manager

==== How to install Extra Fonts ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-arabic
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-asian
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-chinese
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-chinese-big
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-european
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-japanese
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-japanese-big
sudo apt-get install xfonts-intl-phonetic
sudo apt-get install gsfonts-x11
sudo apt-get install msttcorefonts
sudo fc-cache -f -v

*Read [[#How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer]]

:''Note: Ubuntu Dapper comes with the DejaVu fonts (derived from Bitstream Vera) and provides adequate support for Latin, Greek and Cyrillic based languages.''

==== How to install Chinese Input Method (SCIM) ====

'''The following advices are outdated and it could be hard to revert to normal afterwards. Please follow instead the official Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper Drake guide [https://wiki.ubuntu.com/InputMethods/SCIM/CJK_Chinese_Japanese_Korean_Input_Method_configuration_using_SCIM_in_Ubuntu_6%2e06_Dapper_Drake HERE]'''

'''Please note that scim is now installed by default in Dapper, and installing Chinese, Japanese or Korean Support is done using System>Administration>Language Support. The wiki details the method more thoroughly'''

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Extra Fonts]]

sudo apt-get install scim
sudo apt-get install scim-chinese
sudo apt-get install scim-config-socket
sudo apt-get install scim-gtk2-immodule
sudo apt-get install scim-tables-zh
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz
sudo tar zxvf fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz -C /usr/share/fonts/truetype/
sudo chown -R root:root /usr/share/fonts/truetype/fireflysung-1.3.0/
sudo fc-cache -f -v

*System -> Preferences -> SCIM Input Method Setup
*To activate SCIM

Press 'Ctrl + Space'

==== How to install Desktop Applets (gDesklets) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install gdesklets
sudo apt-get install gdesklets-data

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Accessories -> gDesklets
*For more info see: http://gdesklets.gnomedesktop.org/

==== How to install Basic Compilers (build-essential) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install build-essential

==== How to install Integrated Development Environment (Anjuta) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install anjuta

*Applications -> Programming -> Anjuta IDE

==== How to install MonoDevelop (C# IDE) ====
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install mono mono-gmcs mono-gac mono-utils monodevelop

==== How to install 3D modeling tool (Blender 3d) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install blender

*Applications -> Graphics -> Blender 3D modeller

==== How to install game Tuxracer ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install planetpenguin-racer planetpenguin-racer-data planetpenguin-racer-extras

*Applications -> Games -> planetpenguin-racer

==== How to install game Frozen-Bubble ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install frozen-bubble

*Applications -> Games -> Frozen-Bubble

==== How to install game Scorched3D ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install scorched3d
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/scorched3d.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Scorched 3D
Comment=A 3D Remake Of Scorched Earth
Exec=scorched3d
Icon=
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Game;ArcadeGame;

*Save the edited file
*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> Games -> Scorched 3D

==== How to install virtual planetarium (Stellarium) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install stellarium
sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/stellarium.desktop

*Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=Stellarium
Comment=Virtual planetarium
Exec=stellarium
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;Education;

*Applications -> Education -> Stellarium

==== How to install Google Earth ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

wget -c http://dl.google.com/earth/GE4/GoogleEarthLinux.bin
sudo sh GoogleEarthLinux.bin

*Leave ''/usr/local/google-earth'' as the installation path
*After installation click '''Exit'''. If you instead chose to run the application, read the Note below.

sudo cp /usr/local/google-earth/googleearth.desktop /usr/share/applications/

*Applications -> Internet -> Google Earth

*''Note:'' If you run Google Earth for the first time from the installer, it will require root privileges to run the next time. To fix that:
sudo chmod 777 -R ~/.googleearth

==== How to install KDE Edutainment applications ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install kdeedu

*Applications -> Education -> ...

==== How to install Windows Applications in Linux (Wine) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

Wine Is Not an Emulator. Wine is an Open Source implementation of the Windows API on top of X and Unix. Think of Wine as a compatibility layer for running Windows programs. Wine does not require Microsoft Windows, as it is a completely free alternative implementation of the Windows API consisting of 100% non-Microsoft code, however Wine can optionally use native Windows DLLs if they are available.

In other words, Wine will let you run Windows applications in Linux.

*First, add repository for Wine:

sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

*Add the following lines at the end of this file

# Repository for wine
deb http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt dapper main
deb-src http://wine.budgetdedicated.com/apt dapper main

*Save the edited file

sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install wine

*For more info see http://www.winehq.com/

==== How to install a Drop Down Terminal like in First Person Shooters (tilda) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

Do you want a console like in a first person shooter? Tilda should take care of you.

sudo apt-get install tilda

* The default keybinding is F1. To change the default keybinding, either enter tilda -C at the terminal, or right click on the tilda terminal then click Preferences. While in preferences, you can change other things such as transparency, font, size, and window size.

== Other Desktop Environments ==

==== How to install KDE ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*You may also look at some [http://www.kde.org/screenshots/ KDE Screenshots]

sudo apt-get install kubuntu-desktop

:''Note: This installation will require ~400MB of disk space''

*System -> Log Out -> Log Out
*To log in to KDE click on ''Sessions'' and choose KDE

==== How to install XFCE ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*You may also look at some [http://www.xfce.org/index.php?page=screenshots&lang=en XFCE Screenshots]

sudo apt-get install xubuntu-desktop

*System -> Log Out -> Log Out
*To log in to XFCE click on ''Sessions'' and choose XFCE

==== How to install XFCE 4.4 preview versions (4.3.90.1) ====

*to install Xfce 4.4 beta 1 (4.3.90.1) on a fresh install of Dapper:

*download the Xfce 4.4 preview versions installer (see http://www.xfce.org)

sudo apt-get install build-essential gcc pkg-config libglib2.0-0 \
libglib2.0-dev libgtk2.0-0 libgtk2.0-dev libxml++2.6c2a libxml++2.6-dev \
libvte-dev libvte4 a2ps libxpm-dev libxpm4 alsa-source alsa alsa-base \
alsa-oss alsa-utils libxml-parser-perl libpng12-0 libpng12-dev libdbh1.0-dev

chmod +x xfce4-4.3.90.1-installer.bin
sudo ./xfce4-4.3.90.1-installer.bin

*on installer, use default setting, except:
*:''Extensive Optimizations'', can be truned on for 386
*:''Use ALSA for the Xfce Mixer'', can be turned off
*:(see http://forums.debian.net/viewtopic.php?t=4697&)

* finally to enable Xfce, you may need to enable it on the desktop manager (mark ''allow Xfce manage desktop'')

== Eye Candy ==

==== How to install Xgl/Compiz (Nvidia)====

*For complete info on how to set up XGL on different cards and some tweaks see: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=148351

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Graphics Driver (NVIDIA)]]

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

*Find this section

Section "Module"
Load "i2c"
Load "bitmap"
...
Load "type1"
Load "vbe"
EndSection

*Comment out dri and GLcore (if present)

# Load "dri"
# Load "GLcore"

*Make sure the glx module is loaded

Load "glx"

*Find this section (your values may vary)

Section "Device"
Identifier "NVIDIA Corporation NV34M [GeForce FX Go5200]"
Driver "nv"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
EndSection

*Replace with the following lines, leaving the Identifier and BusID as it is

Section "Device"
...
Driver "nvidia"
...
Option "RenderAccel" "true"
Option "AllowGLXWithComposite" "true"
EndSection

*Find this section

Section "Screen"
Identifier "Default Screen"
Device "NVIDIA Corporation NV34M [GeForce FX Go5200]"
Monitor "Generic Monitor"
DefaultDepth 16

*Make sure DefaultDepth is set to 24, if it isn't already

DefaultDepth 24

*Save the edited file
*Install Xgl/Compiz

sudo apt-get install compiz xserver-xgl libgl1-mesa xserver-xorg libglitz-glx1 compiz-gnome
sudo cp /etc/gdm/gdm.conf-custom /etc/gdm/gdm.conf-custom-backup
sudo gedit /etc/gdm/gdm.conf-custom

*Replace everything with the following lines

# GDM Configuration Customization file.
#
# This file is the appropriate place for specifying your customizations to the
# GDM configuration. If you run gdmsetup, it will automatically edit this
# file for you and will cause the daemon and any running GDM GUI programs to
# automatically update with the new configuration. Not all configuration
# options are supported by gdmsetup, so to modify some values it may be
# necessary to modify this file directly by hand.
#
# To hand-edit this file, simply add or modify the key=value combination in
# the appropriate section in the template below. Refer to the comments in the
# gdm.conf file for information about each option. Also refer to the reference
# documentation.
#
# If you hand edit a GDM configuration file, you should run the following
# command to get the GDM daemon to notice the change. Any running GDM GUI
# programs will also be notified to update with the new configuration.
#
# gdmflexiserver --command="UPDATE_CONFIG <configuration key>"
#
# For example, the "Enable" key in the "[debug]" section would be specified by
# "debug/Enable".
#
# You can also run gdm-restart or gdm-safe-restart to cause GDM to restart and
# re-read the new configuration settings. You can also restart GDM by sending
# a HUP or USR1 signal to the daemon. HUP behaves like gdm-restart and causes
# any user session started by GDM to exit immediately while USR1 behaves like
# gdm-safe-restart and will wait until all users log out before restarting GDM.
#
# For full reference documentation see the gnome help browser under
# GNOME|System category. You can also find the docs in HTML form on
# http://www.gnome.org/projects/gdm/
#
# NOTE: Lines that begin with "#" are considered comments.
#
# Have fun!

[daemon]

[security]

[xdmcp]

[gui]

[greeter]

[chooser]

[debug]

[servers]# Override display 1 to use Xgl
0=Xgl

[server-Xgl]
name=Xgl server
command=/usr/bin/Xgl :0 -fullscreen -ac -accel glx:pbuffer -accel xv:fbo
flexible=true

*Create a script that runs Xgl/Compiz on startup

sudo gedit /usr/bin/thefuture

*Insert the following lines into the new file. Replace .us with appropriate keyboard binding for your region. Eg .gb for United Kingdom. For a full list of keyboard bindings, type ''ls /usr/share/xmodmap'' in a terminal. If unsure, leave as .us (United States)

#!/bin/bash
gnome-window-decorator & compiz --replace gconf decoration wobbly fade minimize cube rotate zoom scale move resize place switcher &
xmodmap /usr/share/xmodmap/xmodmap.us

*Save the file

sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/thefuture

*To run compiz for this session

thefuture

*To have compiz load on startup
**System -> Preferences -> Sessions
**Startup Programs -> Add

/usr/bin/thefuture

**Click Ok, then Close
**Read [[#How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer]]

*Troubleshooting
**If Xgl/Compiz doesn't seem to work, or you get errors, simply restart your machine after adding "thefuture" to Startup programs
**If moving windows slows down the system, run gconf-editor from the terminal. Find apps/compiz/general/screen0/options. Disable detect_refresh_rate and set refresh rate to 60. Everything should work fine now...
**If you are using a non default keyboard layout (other language), you might have to change it back to what you need if the keyboard acts funny at System/Settings/Keyboard.
**You can also set the Super-key to the windows button here.
**If you don't want "bottom expanded panel", type "killall gnome-panel" in terminal.

*Tips
**Switch windows = Alt + Tab
**Arrange and View All Windows = F12 turns on or off; clicking a window will zoom it to the front
**Switch desktops on cube = Ctrl + Alt + Left/Right Arrow
**Switch desktops on cube - with active window following = Ctrl + Shift + Alt + Left/Right Arrow
**Rotate cube manually = Ctrl + Alt + left-click
**Make window translucent/opaque = currently only possible with the "transset" utility
**Zoom-in once = Super-key right-click
**Zoom-in manually = Super-key + wheel mouse up
**Zoom-out manually = Super-key + wheel mouse down
**Move window = Alt + left-click
**Snap Move window (will stick to borders) = Ctrl + Alt + left-click
**Resize window = Alt + right-click

==== How to install Xgl/Compiz (ATI) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Graphics Driver (ATI)]]
*See http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Xgl-Compiz-Dapper

==== How to install alternate boot splash screen ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*This installs a minimalistic splash screen that appears when the computer is booting up and shutting down. It is devoid of any text messages.

wget -c http://www.users.on.net/~stubby/usplash-minimalistic_0.1.deb
sudo dpkg -i usplash-minimalistic_0.1.deb
sudo update-alternatives --config usplash-artwork.so

*Select the minimalistic alternative (/usr/local/lib/usplash/minimalastic.so) by entering the corresponding number. If you ever want to revert back to the original splash, select the default (/usr/lib/usplash/usplash-default.so)

*Restart your computer to see the effects

== Commercial Applications ==

==== How to install Windows 9X/ME/2000/XP (Win4Lin) ====

*http://www.win4lin.com

==== How to install Windows Applications (CrossOver Office) ====

*http://www.codeweavers.com

==== How to install Windows Games (Cedega) ====

*http://www.transgaming.com

== User Administration ==

==== How to set/change/enable root user password ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo passwd root

==== How to disable root user account ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo passwd -l root

==== How to allow root user to login into GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to set/change/enable root user password]]
*System -> Administration -> Login Screen Setup
*Login Screen Setup

Security Tab -> Security -> Allow root to login with GDM ('''Checked''')

==== How to switch to root user in Console mode ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo -s -H
Password: <specify user password>

==== How to add/edit/delete system users ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Administration -> Users and Groups
*Users and Groups

Users Tab -> Add User.../Properties/Delete

:'''or'''

sudo useradd jim
sudo userdel jim

*For more info read

man usermod

==== How to add/edit/delete system groups ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Administration -> Users and Groups
*Users and Groups

Groups Tab -> Add Group.../Properties/Delete

==== How to automatic login into GNOME (not secure) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Administration -> Login Window

Security Tab -> Enable Automatic Login ('''Checked''')
Now choose a user from the drop-down menu.

==== How to allow more sudoers ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

export EDITOR=gedit && sudo visudo

*Append the following line at the end of file

system_username ALL=(ALL) ALL

*Save the edited file

==== How to use "sudo" without prompt for password (not secure) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

export EDITOR=gedit && sudo visudo

*Find this line

...
system_username ALL=(ALL) ALL
...

*Replace with the following line

system_username ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD: ALL

*Save the edited file

==== How to explicitly destroy the "sudo" session ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo -K

==== How to change files/folders permissions ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

Right click on files/folders -> '''Properties'''

Permissions Tab -> Read/Write/Execute (Checked the permissions for Owner/Group/Others)

==== How to change files/folders ownership ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo chown system_username /location_of_files_or_folders

==== How to change files/folders group ownership ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo chgrp system_groupname /location_of_files_or_folders

== Hardware ==

==== How to install Graphics Driver (NVIDIA) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install nvidia-glx nvidia-kernel-common
sudo nvidia-glx-config enable

*Read [[#How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer]]

==== How to disable NVIDIA graphics logo on GNOME startup ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Graphics Driver (NVIDIA)]]

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

*Find this section

...
Section "Device"
Identifier "NVIDIA Corporation NV11 [GeForce2 MX/MX 400]"
Driver "nvidia"
BusID "PCI:1:0:0"
...

*Add the following line below it

Option "NoLogo"

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer]]

==== How to install Graphics Driver (ATI) ====

*See [http://wiki.cchtml.com/index.php/Ubuntu_Installation_Guide Unofficial ATI Linux driver wiki]
*Or [http://ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=423584 Ubuntuforums.org]

==== How to identify Modem chipset ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To install Modem chipset identifier
*Read [[#How to install Basic Compilers (build-essential)]]

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/scanModem.gz
gunzip -c scanModem.gz > scanModem
chmod +x scanModem
sudo cp scanModem /usr/bin/

*To identify Modem chipset

sudo scanModem
gedit Modem/ModemData.txt

==== How to install Modem Driver (SmartLink) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

uname -r (must be 2.6.10-5-386)
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/sl-modem-modules-2.6.10-5-386_2.9.9a-1ubuntu2+2.6.10-34_i386.deb
sudo dpkg -i sl-modem-modules-*.deb
sudo apt-get install sl-modem-daemon

==== How to configure PalmOS Devices ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo gedit /etc/udev/rules.d/10-custom.rules

*Insert the following line into the new file

BUS="usb", SYSFS{product}="Palm Handheld*", KERNEL="ttyUSB*", NAME{ignore_remove}="pilot", MODE="666"

*Save the edited file
*Add the pilot-applet to the Taskbar by Right-Clicking on an empty spot
*Follow the instructions on screen

==== How to list partition tables ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo fdisk -l

*You can also use System -> Administration -> Disks

==== How to list filesystem disk space usage ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

df -T -h

*You can also use System -> Administration -> Disks

==== How to list mounted devices ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

mount

==== How to list PCI devices ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

lspci

==== How to list USB devices ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

lsusb

==== How to speed up CD/DVD-ROM ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM''

sudo hdparm -d1 /dev/cdrom
sudo cp /etc/hdparm.conf /etc/hdparm.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/hdparm.conf

*Append the following lines at the end of file

/dev/cdrom {
dma = on
}

*Save the edited file

==== How to mount/unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually, and show all hidden and associated files/folders ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM''

*To mount CD/DVD-ROM

sudo mount /media/cdrom0/ -o unhide

*To unmount CD/DVD-ROM

sudo umount /media/cdrom0/

==== How to forcefully unmount CD/DVD-ROM manually ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /media/cdrom0/ is the location of CD/DVD-ROM''

sudo umount /media/cdrom0/ -l

==== How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo mount -a

==== How to install a Wacom tablet ====

'''For a detailed guide with screenshots about how to configure the "Extended input devices" in your graphic applications, please follow the official Dapper guide at https://wiki.ubuntu.com//Wacom '''

''With the version of the Linux Wacom driver (0.7.2) in Ubuntu 6.06 Dapper Drake, if you unplug you tablet, it won't function when you plug it back in and you will have to restart X. For this reason, it is best to leave the tablet plugged in. This limitation will be removed when the 0.7.4 version of the driver is included in Ubuntu.''

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

* 1. Using Synaptic package manager1, check if the packages xserver-xorg-input-wacom and wacom-tools are already installed - if not, install them. If you prefer using the command line, you can also execute :

sudo apt-get install xserver-xorg-input-wacom wacom-tools

* 2. Save a copy of your /etc/X11/xorg.conf :

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf.backup

* then edit it with the command line :

sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

* and change all /dev/wacom occurences into /dev/input/wacom (created by wacom-tools udev scripts), then save the file.

*You should be ready to go after you have restarted X. Remember to configure the "Extended input devices" in your graphic applications (Gimp, Inkscape), however you can already check if it's working by moving your stylus on the tablet : the mouse cursor should go through the whole screen.

== CD/DVD Burning ==

==== How to blank CD-RW/DVD-RW ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM''

sudo umount /dev/cdrom
cdrecord dev=/dev/cdrom blank=fast

==== How to burn files/folders into CD/DVD ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

nautilus burn:///

*File Browser: CD/DVD Creator

*Drag files/folders into window

File Menu -> Write to Disc... -> Write

==== How to burn Image (ISO) files into CD/DVD ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

Right click on Image (ISO) file -> Write to Disc... -> Write

==== How to duplicate CD/DVD ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to create Image (ISO) files from CD/DVD]]
*Read [[#How to burn Image (ISO) files into CD/DVD]]

==== How to create Image (ISO) files from CD/DVD ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/cdrom is the location of CD/DVD-ROM''

sudo umount /dev/cdrom
dd if=/dev/cdrom of=file.iso bs=1024

==== How to create Image (ISO) files from folders ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

mkisofs -o file.iso /location_of_folder/

==== How to generate MD5 checksum files ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

md5sum file.iso > file.iso.md5

==== How to check MD5 checksum of files ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that file.iso and file.iso.md5 are in the same folder''

md5sum -c file.iso.md5

==== How to mount/unmount Image (ISO) files without burning ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To mount Image (ISO) file

sudo mkdir /media/iso
sudo modprobe loop
sudo mount file.iso /media/iso/ -t iso9660 -o loop

*To unmount Image (ISO) file

sudo umount /media/iso/

==== How to set/change the burn speed for CD/DVD Burner ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
*Configuration Editor

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> default_speed (set/change the burn speed)

==== How to enable burnproof for CD/DVD Burner ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
*Configuration Editor

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> burnproof ('''Checked''')

==== How to enable overburn for CD/DVD Burner ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
*Configuration Editor

/ -> apps -> nautilus-cd-burner -> overburn ('''Checked''')

==== How to burn Audio CD from MP3 (GnomeBaker) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install CD/DVD Burning Application (GnomeBaker)]]

sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-misc
sudo apt-get install gstreamer0.8-mad

*Applications -> Sound & Video -> GnomeBaker

== Networking ==

==== How to configure Google Talk ====

*See the answer at [http://www.google.com/support/talk/bin/answer.py?answer=24073 Google Talk Help Center]

==== How to activate/deactivate network connections ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Administration -> Networking
*Network settings

Connections Tab -> Select "Ethernet connection" -> Activate/Deactivate

==== How to configure network connections ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Administration -> Networking
*Network settings

Connections Tab -> Select "Ethernet connection" -> '''Properties'''
Connection -> Enable this connection ('''Checked''')
Connection Settings -> Configuration: Select "DHCP/Static IP address"

DNS Tab -> DNS Servers -> Add/Delete

*Read [[#How to activate/deactivate network connections]]

==== How to configure dialup connections ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To configure dialup

sudo pppconfig

*To connect dialup

sudo pon provider_name

*To disconnect dialup

sudo poff

==== How to configure broadband connections ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo pppoeconf

==== How to change computer name ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Administration -> Networking
*Network settings

General Tab -> Host Settings -> Hostname: Specify the computer name

*Save and close all opened applications, Reboot computer

==== How to change computer descriptions ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
server string = %h server (Samba, Ubuntu)
...

*Replace with the following line

server string = new_computer_descriptions

*Save the edited file

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to change computer Domain/Workgroup ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
workgroup = MSHOME
...

*Replace with the following line

workgroup = new_domain_or_workgroup

*Save the edited file

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to assign Hostname to local machine with dynamic IP using free DynDNS service ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Register free Dynamic DNS at http://www.dyndns.com/services/dns/dyndns

sudo apt-get install ipcheck
sudo gedit /etc/ppp/ip-up.d/dyndns_update.sh

*Insert the following lines into the new file
<pre>
#!/bin/sh

USERNAME=myusername
PASSWORD=mypassword
HOSTNAME=myhostname.dyndns.org

cd /root/
if [ -f /root/ipcheck.dat ]; then
ipcheck -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
else
ipcheck --makedat -r checkip.dyndns.org:8245 $USERNAME $PASSWORD $HOSTNAME
fi
</pre>
*Save the edited file

sudo chmod 700 /etc/ppp/ip-up.d/dyndns_update.sh
sudo sh /etc/ppp/ip-up.d/dyndns_update.sh

==== How to share folders the easy way ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

Right click on folder -> Share folder

Shared folder -> Share with: Select "SMB"
Share properties -> Name: Specify the share name

==== How to browse network computers ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly''
:'' If computers or network folders could not be found, try access them directly''
:'' Read [[#How to access network folders without mounting]]''

*Places -> Network Servers

==== How to access network folders without mounting ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly''
:'' Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Shared folder's name: linux''

*Press 'Alt+F2' (Run Application...) and enter:

smb://192.168.0.1/linux

==== How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly''
:'' Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Network computer's Username: myusername''
:'' Network computer's Password: mypassword''
:'' Shared folder's name: linux''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/sharename''

*To mount network folder

sudo mkdir /media/sharename
sudo mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o username=myusername,password=mypassword

*To unmount network folder

sudo umount /media/sharename/

==== How to mount/unmount network folders manually, and allow all users to read/write ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly''
:'' Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Network computer's Username: myusername''
:'' Network computer's Password: mypassword''
:'' Shared folder's name: linux''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/sharename''

*To mount network folder

sudo mkdir /media/sharename
sudo mount //192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename/ -o username=myusername,password=mypassword,dmask=777,fmask=777

*To unmount network folder

sudo umount /media/sharename/

==== How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly''
:'' Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Network computer's Username: myusername''
:'' Network computer's Password: mypassword''
:'' Shared folder's name: linux''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/sharename''

sudo mkdir /media/sharename
sudo gedit /root/.smbcredentials

*Insert the following lines into the new file

username=myusername
password=mypassword

*Save the edited file

sudo chmod 700 /root/.smbcredentials
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup
sudo gedit /etc/fstab

*Append the following line at the end of file

//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename smbfs credentials=/root/.smbcredentials 0 0

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting]]

==== How to mount network folders on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly''
:'' Network computer's IP: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Network computer's Username: myusername''
:'' Network computer's Password: mypassword''
:'' Shared folder's name: linux''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/sharename''

sudo mkdir /media/sharename
sudo gedit /root/.smbcredentials

*Insert the following lines into the new file

username=myusername
password=mypassword

*Save the edited file

sudo chmod 700 /root/.smbcredentials
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup
sudo gedit /etc/fstab

*Append the following line at the end of file

//192.168.0.1/linux /media/sharename smbfs credentials=/root/.smbcredentials,dmask=777,fmask=777 0 0

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting]]

==== How to get ipw2200 and wpa to work ====

*See [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showpost.php?p=130227p=423584 Ubuntuforuns.org how-tos]

==== How to Configure and start PPTP tunnels (VPN) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Use [http://pptpclient.sourceforge.net/howto-ubuntu.phtml these instructions] to automatically install PPTP Client
:'''OR'''
*Install manually

wget -c http://linux.edu.lv/uploads/content/pptp.tar.gz
tar zxvf pptp.tar.gz
sudo sh ./pptp/install

*To configure PPTP Client

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/pptpconfig.desktop

*Replace content of this file with the following lines

[Desktop Entry]
Name=PPTP Client
Comment=Configure and start PPTP tunnels (VPN)
Categories=Application;Network
Encoding=UTF-8
Exec=gksudo pptpconfig
Icon=gnome-remote-desktop.png
StartupNotify=true
Terminal=false
Type=Application

*The above lines change the default file in three ways: the application is placed in the Application/Internet category, gksudo will make the application run as superuser and we put a nice icon that appears in the menu.
*Start the client with ''Applications -> Internet -> PPTP Client''

==== How to Configure Ubuntu/Kubuntu with WPA using Network-Manager ====
Ubuntu Dapper in typical cases can configure WPA to work out of the box with minimal hassle. You'll need to install network-manager.

For Ubuntu:

sudo apt-get install network-manager-gnome

For Kubuntu (will install knetworkmanager):

sudo apt-get install network-mananger-kde

Logout/Reboot.

Ubuntu users should now see the NetworkManager Applet in the Gnome notification area. Kubuntu users will probably have to run <tt>knetworkmanager</tt> before they see NetworkManager in the systray.

Once Network-Manager is installed, click on the NM icon in the notification area (default is at the top right of Ubuntu/Gnome). Choose your network, then enter your passphrase. Type a password for the keyring, and you're set.

If you don't see your network, click "Create New Wireless Network...", type your essid/networkname, then choose "WPA Personal" for wireless security.

*Note: If you installed Kubuntu then installed ubuntu-desktop & network-manager-gnome, you may not be able to use network-manager in Gnome, if at all. In this case, you may have to use WPA Supplicant and do some manual editing of conf files to get WPA up and running.

*Note: When you first log into Gnome/KDE, the keyring application will ask for a password. Future revisions of Network-Manager should resolve this.

== Remote Desktop ==

==== How to configure remote desktop (not secure) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''Warning! Remote Desktop will only work if there's a GNOME login session''
:'' Leaving computer with an unattended GNOME login session is not secure''
:'' Use (System -> Lock Screen) and switch off the monitor when computer is left unattended''

*System -> Preferences -> Remote Desktop
*Remote Desktop Preferences

Sharing ->
Allow other users to view your desktop ('''Checked''')
Allow other users to control your desktop ('''Checked''')

Security ->
Ask you for confirmation (Un-Checked)
Require the user to enter this password: ('''Checked''')
Password: Specify the password

==== How to connect into remote Ubuntu desktop ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have configured Remote Desktop''
:'' Read [[#How to configure remote desktop (not secure)]]''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1''

vncviewer -fullscreen 192.168.0.1:0

*To quit vncviewer

Press 'F8' -> Quit viewer

==== How to connect into remote Ubuntu desktop via Windows machine ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have configured Remote Desktop''
:'' Read [[#How to configure remote desktop (not secure)]]''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1''

*If you have a router remember to open the appropiate port the default one is 5900
:'' This process is called port forwarding [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Port_forwarding port forwarding]

*Download DotNetVNC: [http://dotnetvnc.sourceforge.net/ Here]
:'' this is a free DotNet version that require the DotNet framework available from microsoft [http://msdn.microsoft.com/netframework/ here]
:'' Remember tha this is only one VNC client i've found searching in internet, search the one is more suitable for your interest

*Open the VNC cliend you have chosen, and insert the connection string formatted like this <LINUX BOX IP><:DESKTOP NUMBER>|<::PORT>
:'' In example use: 192.168.1.2:0 or 192.168.1.2::5900 to connect to desktop 0, to connect to desktop 1 use 192.168.1.2:1 or 192.168.1.2::5901 and so on

== Windows ==

==== How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (NTFS) manually, and allow all users to read only ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to list partition tables]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/windows''

*To mount Windows partition

sudo mkdir /media/windows
sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t ntfs -o nls=utf8,umask=0222

*To unmount Windows partition

sudo umount /media/windows/

==== How to mount/unmount Windows partitions (FAT) manually, and allow all users to read/write ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to list partition tables]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/windows''

*To mount Windows partition

sudo mkdir /media/windows
sudo mount /dev/hda1 /media/windows/ -t vfat -o iocharset=utf8,umask=000

*To unmount Windows partition

sudo umount /media/windows/

==== How to mount Windows partitions (NTFS) on boot-up, and allow all users to read only ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to list partition tables]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/windows''

sudo mkdir /media/windows
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup
sudo gedit /etc/fstab

*Append the following line at the end of file

/dev/hda1 /media/windows ntfs nls=utf8,umask=0222 0 0

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting]]

==== How to mount Windows partitions (FAT) on boot-up, and allow all users to read/write ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to list partition tables]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (FAT)''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/windows''

sudo mkdir /media/windows
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab_backup
sudo gedit /etc/fstab

*Append the following line at the end of file

/dev/hda1 /media/windows vfat iocharset=utf8,umask=000 0 0

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to remount /etc/fstab without rebooting]]

==== How to mount Windows partitions (NTFS) on boot-up, and allow users read and write access ====

Warning: Ntfs writing support is still experimental. You should not enable it on production machines and/or volumes you don't have backups of. Proceed at your own risk!

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo apt-get install libfuse2 fuse-utils

*Download the latest ntfsprogs package (these are from the Dapper repositories, so they are safe to install.)

[http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-ntfs/libntfs8_1.12.1-1_i386.deb libntfs8]
[http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/l/linux-ntfs/ntfsprogs_1.12.1-1_i386.deb ntfsprogs]
[http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/main/f/fuse/libfuse2_2.4.2-0ubuntu3_i386.deb libfuse2]
[http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/pool/universe/f/fuse/fuse-utils_2.4.2-0ubuntu3_i386.deb fuse-utils]

*Install the downloaded packages

sudo dpkg -i libfuse2_*.deb fuse-utils_*.deb ntfsprogs_*.deb libntfs8_*.deb

*Add fuse to the list of modules to load

echo fuse | sudo tee -a /etc/modules

*Create a user group to access the ntfs disks

sudo addgroup ntfs

*The output should look something like this, remember the GID (the number printed after the group name) as it may differ and we will need it later:

:''Adding group `ntfs' (1002)...''
:''Done.''

*Read [[#How to list partition tables]]

*Create the local mount folder folder and edit the fstab file to mount the disks to this folder.

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition (NTFS)''
:'' Local mount folder: /media/windows''

sudo mkdir /media/windows
sudo cp /etc/fstab /etc/fstab.bak
sudo gedit /etc/fstab

*Append the following line at the end of file, using the GID number previously. The umask following this GID allows write access just to owner (root) and group (ntfs), and read access to everyone.

/dev/hda1 /media/windows ntfs-fuse auto,gid=1002,umask=0002 0 0

*Save the edited file.

*Add users to the ntfs group, where "username" is the name of the user you would like to have write access

sudo adduser username ntfs

*Fix Dapper [https://launchpad.net/distros/ubuntu/+source/linux-ntfs/+bug/29865 bug #29865] of the linux-ntfs package:

sudo rm /sbin/mount.ntfs-fuse && sudo ln /usr/bin/ntfsmount /sbin/mount.ntfs-fuse

*If you reboot now, the disk will be writable to the selected users when they logon. If you want the changes to take effect immediately without rebooting, execute the following command, ignoring the errors about "/" and others not being unmounted. You'll have to logout from all your user sessions for the new group to be acknowledged (usually a logout from your graphical session and login back again will do it).

sudo modprobe fuse && sudo umount -a && sudo mount -a

*Further troubleshooting is listed at this [http://www.ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=142481 comprehensive howto thread].

== Security ==

==== What are the basic things I need to know about securing my Ubuntu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Ensure hard drive is first in BIOS boot-up sequence
**To prevent trespassers from using Linux Installation CD which allows them to gain root user access
**To prevent trespassers from using Linux Live CD (e.g. UBUNTU/KNOPPIX/MEPIS) which allows them to destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive
**To prevent trespassers from installing another Operating System
*Ensure a password is set for BIOS
**To prevent trespassers from changing the BIOS boot-up sequence
*Ensure computer is located at a secured place
**To prevent trespassers from removing computer's hard drive which allows them to destroy/browse/share the entire hard drive from a different computer
**To prevent trespassers from removing computer's on-board battery which resets the BIOS password
*Ensure passwords used on the system cannot be easily guessed
**To prevent trespassers from cracking password file using brute force attacks (e.g. John the Ripper)
**Create password with minimum length of 8 characters
**Create password with mixture of characters/numbers, and upper/lower case
*Ensure interactive editing control for GRUB menu is disabled
**To prevent trespassers from modifying kernel boot-up arguments which allows them to have root user access
**Read [[#How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu]]
*Ensure history listing is disabled in Console mode
**To prevent trespassers from seeing previously issued commands
**Read [[#How to disable history listing in Console mode]]
*Ensure Ctrl+Alt+Del is disabled in Console mode
**To prevent trespassers from restarting the system without permission in Console mode
**Read [[#How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode]]
*Ensure interactive option is set for remove, copy and move of files/folders in Console mode
**To prevent accidental removal/overwritten of files/folders
**Read [[#How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode]]
*For day to day usage, login as a normal user
**To prevent accidental deletion/modification of system files/folders
**Read [[#How to add/edit/delete system users]]
*Disable root user account, use "sudo" instead
**To reduce the amount of time spent with root privileges, and thus the risk of inadvertently executing a command as root
**"sudo" provides a more useful audit trail (/var/log/auth.log)
**Read [[#How to disable root user account]]
*Install a Firewall
**A firewall does not guarantee security but it is in most environments the first line of defense against network based attacks
**Read [[#How to install Firewall (Firestarter)]]
*Perform vulnerability test
**Nessus is a great tool designed to automate the testing and discovery of known security problems
**Read [[#How to install Vulnerability Scanner (Nessus)]]

==== How to disable all interactive editing control for GRUB menu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

grub

grub> md5crypt
Password: ****** (ubuntu)
Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)
grub> quit

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

*Find this section

...
## password ['--md5'] passwd
# If used in the first section of a menu file, disable all interactive editing
# control (menu entry editor and command-line) and entries protected by the
# command 'lock'
# e.g. password topsecret
# password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
# password topsecret
...

*Add the following line below it

password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password above)

*Find this section

...
title Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single
initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386
savedefault
boot
...

*Replace with the following lines

#title Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)
#root (hd0,1)
#kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro single
#initrd /boot/initrd.img-2.6.10-5-386
#savedefault
#boot

*Save the edited file

==== How to disable history listing in Console mode ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

rm -f $HOME/.bash_history
touch $HOME/.bash_history
chmod 000 $HOME/.bash_history

==== How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Del from restarting computer in Console mode ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /etc/inittab /etc/inittab_backup
sudo gedit /etc/inittab

*Find this line

...
ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
...

*Replace with the following line

#ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now

*Save the edited file

sudo telinit q

==== How to enable prompt before removal/overwritten of files/folders in Console mode ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /etc/bash.bashrc /etc/bash.bashrc_backup
sudo gedit /etc/bash.bashrc

*Append the following lines at the end of file

alias rm='rm -i'
alias cp='cp -i'
alias mv='mv -i'

*Save the edited file

== Rescue Mode ==

==== How to gain root user access without login ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Easiest method (will not work if GRUB menu password is set)
**Boot-up computer
**If GRUB menu is hidden, press 'Esc' to enter the GRUB menu
**Select

Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386 (recovery mode)

**Press 'Enter' to boot
*Other methods
**Read [[#How to modify kernel boot-up arguments, to gain root user access]]
**Read [[#How to use Ubuntu Installation CD, to gain root user access]]

==== How to modify kernel boot-up arguments, to gain root user access ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Boot-up computer
*If GRUB menu is hidden, press 'Esc' to enter the GRUB menu
*If GRUB password is set, press 'p' to unlock the GRUB menu
*Select

Ubuntu, kernel 2.6.10-5-386

*Press 'e' to edit the commands before booting
*Select

kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro quiet splash

*Press 'e' to edit the selected command in the boot sequence
*Add "rw init=/bin/bash" to the end of the arguments

grub edit> kernel /boot/vmlinuz-2.6.10-5-386 root=/dev/hda2 ro quiet splash rw init=/bin/bash

*Press 'b' to boot

==== How to use Ubuntu Installation CD, to gain root user access ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Boot-up computer into Ubuntu Installation CD
*At "boot:" prompt, add "rescue" to the argument

boot: rescue

*Follow the instructions on screen

==== How to change root user/main user password if forgotten ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to gain root user access without login]]
*To change root user password

# passwd root

*To change main user password

# passwd system_main_username

==== How to change GRUB menu password if forgotten ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

grub

grub> md5crypt
Password: ****** (ubuntu)
Encrypted: $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password)
grub> quit

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

*Find this line

...
password --md5 $1$gLhU0/$aW78kHK1QfV3P2b2znUoe/
...

*Replace with the following line

password --md5 $1$ZWnke0$1fzDBVjUcT1Mpdd4u/T961 (encrypted password above)

*Save the edited file

==== How to restore GRUB menu after Windows installation ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to use Ubuntu Installation CD, to gain root user access]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda is the location of /boot partition''

# grub-install /dev/hda

==== How to add Windows entry into GRUB menu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to list partition tables]]

:''e.g. Assumed that /dev/hda1 is the location of Windows partition''

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

*Append the following lines at the end of file

title Microsoft Windows
root (hd0,0)
savedefault
makeactive
chainloader +1

*Save the edited file

==== How to read Linux partitions (ext2, ext3) in Windows machine ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Download Explore2fs: [http://easylinux.info/uploads/explore2fs-1.07.zip Here]
:OR
*See [http://www.fs-driver.org/index.html www.fs-driver.org]

== Tips & Tricks ==

==== How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Save and close all opened applications

Press 'Ctrl + Alt + Backspace'

:or

sudo /etc/init.d/gdm restart

==== How to turn on Num Lock on GNOME startup ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install numlockx
sudo cp /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default_backup
sudo gedit /etc/X11/gdm/Init/Default

*Find this line

...
exit 0

*Add the following lines above it

if [ -x /usr/bin/numlockx ]; then
/usr/bin/numlockx on
fi

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer]]

==== How to run programs on startup when login into GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Preferences -> Sessions
*Sessions

Startup Programs Tab -> Add/Edit/Delete

==== How to speed-up your Ubuntu box ====

*Read the following post: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=189192

==== How to switch to Console mode in GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To switch to Console mode

Press 'Ctrl + Alt + F1' (F2 - F6)

*To switch between consles in Console mode

Press 'Alt + F1' (F2 - F6)

*To switch back to GNOME mode

Press 'Alt + F7'

==== How to disable Ctrl+Alt+Backspace from restarting X in GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /etc/X11/xorg.conf /etc/X11/xorg.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/X11/xorg.conf

*Append the following lines at the end of file

Section "ServerFlags"
Option "DontZap" "yes"
EndSection

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to restart GNOME without rebooting computer]]

==== How to enable Ctrl+Alt+Del to open System Monitor in GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

gconftool-2 -t str --set /apps/metacity/global_keybindings/run_command_9 "<Control><Alt>Delete"
gconftool-2 -t str --set /apps/metacity/keybinding_commands/command_9 "gnome-system-monitor"

==== How to refresh GNOME desktop ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

killall nautilus

==== Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel ====

*Basahin ang [[#General Notes]]

killall gnome-panel

==== How to enable autosave in Gedit and disable creation of some_file~ files ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> Configuration Editor
*Configuration Editor

/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save -> create_backup_copy ('''Unchecked''')
/ -> apps -> gedit-2 -> preferences -> editor -> save -> auto_save ('''Checked''')

==== How to show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Places -> Home Folder
*To temporary show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus

Press 'Ctrl + H'

*To permanently show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus

Edit Menu -> Preferences

Views Tab -> Default View -> Show hidden and backup files ('''Checked''')

==== How to browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To install File Browser (Root)

sudo gedit /usr/share/applications/Nautilus-root.desktop

**Insert the following lines into the new file

[Desktop Entry]
Name=File Browser (Root)
Comment=Browse the filesystem with the file manager
Exec=gksudo "nautilus --browser %U"
Icon=file-manager
Terminal=false
Type=Application
Categories=Application;System;

**Save the edited file
**Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]

*To browse files/folders as root user in Nautilus
**Applications -> System Tools -> File Browser (Root)

==== How to change default file type "Open with" program ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

Right click on file -> '''Properties'''

Open With Tab -> Add
Select "Open with" program

Select "Open with" program ('''Checked''')

==== How to change preferred email client to Mozilla Thunderbird ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Email Client (Mozilla Thunderbird)]]
*System -> Preferences -> Preferred Applications
*Preferred Applications

Mail Reader Tab -> Default Mail Reader -> Command: mozilla-thunderbird %s

==== How to open files as root user via right click ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

gedit $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root

*Insert the following lines into the new file

for uri in $NAUTILUS_SCRIPT_SELECTED_URIS; do
gksudo "gnome-open $uri" &
done

*Save the edited file

chmod +x $HOME/.gnome2/nautilus-scripts/Open\ as\ root

Right click on file -> Scripts -> Open as root

==== How to disable beep sound in Terminal mode ====
Not for Dapper---- firingstone
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal
*Terminal

Edit Menu -> Current Profile...

General Tab -> General -> Terminal bell (Un-Checked)

==== How to handle mss protocol in Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install VLC Multimedia Player with plug-in for Mozilla Firefox]]
<br>
* Open your firefox.
* Type as url: about:config
Now just right click somewhere into the main window. A little box with options to choose will appear. Choose '''"new"''', then '''"string"'''. Then copy the following line into the appearing text field:

network.protocol-handler.app.mms

Into the next text field copy this:

/usr/bin/X11/vlc

Now you do the same thing again, but this time you do not choose "string" but '''"boolean"''', and the line to copy is:

network.protocol-handler.external.mms

Then set

true

==== How to handle rtsp (realmedia) protocol in Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Multimedia Player (RealPlayer 10)]]
<br>
* Open your firefox.
* Type as url: about:config
Now just right click somewhere into the main window. A little box with options to choose will appear. Choose '''"new"''', then '''"string"'''. Then copy the following line into the appearing text field:

network.protocol-handler.app.rtsp

Into the next text field copy this:

/usr/bin/X11/realplay

Now you do the same thing again, but this time you do not choose "string" but '''"boolean"''', and the line to copy is:

network.protocol-handler.external.rtsp

Then set

true

==== How to load Web site faster in Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
*Mozilla Firefox

Address Bar -> about:config

Filter: ->
network.dns.disableIPv6 -> true
network.http.pipelining -> true
network.http.pipelining.maxrequests -> 8
network.http.proxy.pipelining -> true

*Restart Mozilla Firefox

==== How to disable beep sound for link find function in Mozilla Firefox ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Applications -> Internet -> Firefox Web Browser
*Mozilla Firefox

Address Bar -> about:config

Filter: -> accessibility.typeaheadfind.enablesound -> false

*Restart Mozilla Firefox

==== How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*System -> Administration -> Synaptic Package Manager
*To enable the extra Universe and Multiverse repositories
*#Settings -> Repositories
*#In the Installation Media tab, click Add. There are three separate repositories; Dapper Drake, Security Updates and Updates. Select each repository and check Officially supported, Restricted copyright, Community maintained (Universe) and Non-free (Multiverse). Ensure you click OK between each repository to save your changes
*#You should now see those three repositories under Channels. Make sure Officially supported, Restricted copyright, Community maintained (Universe) and Non-free (Multiverse) appears under each repository

*To add backports and PLF (new versions of many applications. Unsupported. May contain illegal packages. Use at own risk.)
*#Settings -> Repositories
*#Click on Add and then Custom
*#Paste the following four lines into the box and click Add Repository, one line at a time:

deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu dapper-backports main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://packages.freecontrib.org/ubuntu/plf dapper free non-free
deb-src http://packages.freecontrib.org/ubuntu/plf dapper free non-free

deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu dapper-commercial main

*To refresh the list of known packages (equivalent to apt-get update)

Edit Menu -> Reload Package Information

*To install all possible upgrades (equivalent to apt-get upgrade)

Edit Menu -> Mark All Upgrades... -> Default Upgrade
Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes

*To search for a package (equivalent to apt-cache search package_name)

Edit Menu -> Search... Specify the package name

*To install the selected package (equivalent to apt-get install package_name)

Select "package_name"
Package Menu -> Mark for Installation
Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes

*To remove installed package (equivalent to apt-get remove package_name)

Select "package_name"
Package Menu -> Mark for Removal
Edit Menu -> Apply Marked Changes

==== What packages do the extra repositories provide ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to apt-get the easy way (Synaptic)]]

* The [http://packages.freecontrib.org/ubuntu/plf/ PLF repository] provides
*# DVD playback support (libdvdcss2)
*# Skype
*# Sun Java SDK (Software Development Kit) and JRE (Java Runtime Environment)
*# Opera Web browser
*# RealPlayer 10
*# Win32 binary multimedia codecs

==== How to install/uninstall .deb files ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To install .deb file

sudo dpkg -i package_file.deb

*To uninstall .deb file

sudo dpkg -r package_name

==== How to convert .rpm files to .deb files ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo alien package_file.rpm

==== How to rename all files in directory at once ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To install "mvb" file name renamer

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/mvb_1.6.tgz
sudo tar zxvf mvb_1.6.tgz -C /usr/share/
sudo chown -R root:root /usr/share/mvb_1.6/
sudo ln -fs /usr/share/mvb_1.6/mvb /usr/bin/mvb

*To rename all files in directory at once

mvb NEW_NAME

==== How to manipulate all image files in directory at once ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To install bash batch image processing script
**Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install imagemagick
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/bbips.0.3.2.sh
sudo cp bbips.0.3.2.sh /usr/bin/bbips
sudo chmod 755 /usr/bin/bbips

*To manipulate all image files in directory at once

bbips

==== How to set System-wide Environment Variables ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp -p /etc/profile /etc/profile_backup
sudo gedit /etc/profile

*Append the System-wide Environment Variables at the end of file
*Save the edited file

==== How to save "man" outputs into files ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

man command | col -b > file.txt

==== How to hide GRUB menu on boot-up ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

*Find this line

...
#hiddenmenu
...

*Replace with the following line

hiddenmenu

*Save the edited file

==== How to change the timeout seconds for GRUB menu on boot-up ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

*Find this line

...
timeout 3
...

*Replace with the following line

timeout X_seconds

*Save the edited file

==== How to change default Operating System boot-up for GRUB menu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

*Find this line

...
default 0
...

*Replace with the following line

default X_sequence

*Save the edited file

==== How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that hd0,1 is the location of Ubuntu boot partition''

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/ubuntu.xpm.gz
chmod 644 ubuntu.xpm.gz
sudo mkdir /boot/grub/images
sudo cp ubuntu.xpm.gz /boot/grub/images/
sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

*Find this section

# menu.lst - See: grub(8), info grub, update-grub(8)
# grub-install(8), grub-floppy(8),
# grub-md5-crypt, /usr/share/doc/grub
# and /usr/share/doc/grub-doc/.
...

*Add the following line below it

splashimage (hd0,1)/boot/grub/images/ubuntu.xpm.gz

*Save the edited file

==== How to convert Wallpaper to Splash Image for GRUB menu ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that wallpaper.png is the Wallpaper to be converted to Splash Image''
:'' splashimage.xpm.gz is the Splash Image for GRUB menu''

convert -resize 640x480 -colors 14 wallpaper.png splashimage.xpm && gzip splashimage.xpm

*Read [[#How to display Splash Image for GRUB menu on boot-up]] (use splashimage.xpm.gz instead of ubuntu.xpm.gz)

==== How to display only one kernel on GRUB menu ====

* Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /boot/grub/menu.lst /boot/grub/menu.lst_backup-`date +%F`
sudo gedit /boot/grub/menu.lst

* Find this line
...
# howmany=all
...

* Replace with the following line

# howmany=1

Where 1 means to keep the last kernel, 2 to keep the last 2 kernels,
etc. Do not delete the # symbol. The menu will be updated once a new
kernel will be updated by the system, not before.

* Save the edited file

==== How to temporary skip boot-up services ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

Press 'Ctrl + C'

==== How to permanently disable/enable boot-up services ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Boot-Up Manager (BUM)]]

==== How to clean /tmp/ folder contents on shutdown ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /etc/init.d/sysklogd /etc/init.d/sysklogd_backup
sudo gedit /etc/init.d/sysklogd

*Find this section

...
stop)
log_begin_msg "Stopping system log daemon..."
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --exec $binpath --pidfile $pidfile
log_end_msg $?
...

*Add the following line below it

rm -fr /tmp/* /tmp/.??*

*Save the edited file

==== How to scroll up and down to view previous outputs in Console mode ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To scroll up to view previously outputs

Press 'Shift + Page Up'

*To scroll down to view previously outputs

Press 'Shift + Page Down'

==== How to find out which version of Ubuntu I am using ====

cat /etc/issue

==== How to set up automatic background change (GNOME) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

mkdir ~/.backgrounds
cd ~/.backgrounds
wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/change_background.py
chmod +x change_background.py

*To change desktop background every time you reboot your computer
export EDITOR=gedit && crontab -e

*Add the following line at the end of file
@reboot ~/.backgrounds/change_background.py

:For more information about periodic processes see
man 5 crontab

* ~/.backgrounds is hidden directory, see [[#How to show all hidden files/folders in Nautilus]]
*Copy images you wish to see on your background to ~/.backgrounds directory

==== How to set up automatic background change (KDE) ====
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

*Go to K-menu -> System Settings -> Desktop -> Background
*Choose Slide Show
*Press Setup...
*Press Add... to add pictures you wish to see as desktop background
*Set 'Change picture after' to desired picture rotation interval.
*Press 'OK'

==== How to add keyboard layouts for other languages ====
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

*Go to System -> Preferences -> Keyboard
*Choose Layouts
*Press Add... to add the secondary keyboard layout. It is simpler to have two layouts; the maximum is currently four for Xorg.
*Choose Layout Options
*Expand option Group Shift/Lock behaviour
*Choose the key combination that enables you to switch between keyboard layouts. The default is by pressing both Alt keys at the same time. A common alternative is to use Alt+Shift.
*Press Close.

See [[#How to add the Keyboard (Layout) Indicator applet]] to add the Keyboard Indicator applet.

==== How to add keyboard layouts toggle for other languages (Xfce) ====
*use <tt>*.lst</tt> files on <tt>/etc/X11/xkb/rules</tt> to select ''2nd_laguage_code''

setxkbmap -option grp:switch,grp:alt_shift,grp_led:scroll us,''2nd_laguage_code''

*you can add it to a startup file, which will be set to be executed on startup, with the following lines (remember to 'chmod +x' the file):

#!/bin/tcsh
setxkbmap -option grp:switch,grp:alt_shift,grp_led:scroll us,il

==== How to add the Keyboard (Layout) Indicator applet ====
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to add keyboard layouts for other languages]]

*Right-click on empty space on the top panel so that you see the pop-up menu.
*Click Add to Panel...
*Choose Keyboard Indicator (it is under the Utilities section, at the end)

The Keyboard Indicator applet appears on the panel. The default language should be USA for U.S. English. You can either right-click on this applet for more options or see above on how to configure.

==== How to type extended characters ====
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to add keyboard layouts for other languages]]
*Read [[#How to add the Keyboard (Layout) Indicator applet]]

*Add the keyboard layout US English International (with dead keys)
*Make US English International (with dead keys) the default keyboard layout.

The key marked ['"] is now a dead key. When you press it, nothing happens. However if you press a consonant immediately afterwards, the consonant appears with an accent.
* ' + a = á
* ' + e = é
* and so on for i-í, o-ó, y-ý, c-ć, z-ź, n-ń, l-ĺ, u-ú, r-ŕ

* " + a = ä
* " + e = ë
* and so on for y-ÿ, u-ü, i-ï, o-ö

Similarly, ` and a consonant generates à, è, ù, ì, ò.
Similarly, ~ and a consonant generates ã, ũ, ĩ, õ, ñ.

To type ' and ", press RightAlt+' and RightAlt+" respectively.
To type ' and ", you may also press '+<space> and "+<space> respectively.

There are more characters available by keeping RightAlt pressed and typing a character. Therefore,
* RightAlt+q = ä
* RightAlt+w = å
* RightAlt+e = é
* RightAlt+r = ®
* RightAlt+t = þ
* RightAlt+y = ü
* RightAlt+u = ú
* RightAlt+i = í
* RightAlt+o = ó
* RightAlt+p = ö
* RightAlt+[ and ] for « and » respectively.
* RightAlt+a = á
* RightAlt+s = ß
* RightAlt+d = ð
* RightAlt+l = ø
* RightAlt+; = ¶
* RightAlt+: = °
* RightAlt+z = æ
* RightAlt+c = ©
* RightAlt+n = ñ
* RightAlt+m = µ
* RightAlt+, = ç
* RightAlt+/ = ¿

* RightAlt+1 = ¡
* RightAlt+2 = ²
* RightAlt+3 = ³
* RightAlt+4 = ¤
* RightAlt+5 = €
* RightAlt+6 = ¼
* RightAlt+7 = ½
* RightAlt+8 = ¾
* RightAlt+9 = ‘
* RightAlt+0 = ’
* RightAlt+- = ¥
* RightAlt+= = ×

* RightAlt+! = ¹
* RightAlt+@, then o = ő (and Ő).
* RightAlt+#, then a = ā (and Ā). Similarly for ēĒ, ūŪ, īĪ, ōŌ.
* RightAlt+$ = £
* RightAlt+% =
* RightAlt+^ =
* RightAlt+& =
* RightAlt+*, then a = ą (and Ą). Similarly for ęĘ, įĮ.
* RightAlt+(, then a = ă (and Ă)
* RightAlt+(, then g = ğ (and Ğ)
* RightAlt+), then a = å (and Å)
* RightAlt+_ =
* RightAlt++ = ÷

==== How to set the Compose key to type special characters ====
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to add keyboard layouts for other languages]]
*Read [[#How to add the Keyboard (Layout) Indicator applet]]

*Click '''System''', '''Preferences''', '''Keyboard'''.
*Under '''Layout Options''', expand on '''Compose key position'''.
*Choose '''Right-Win key is compose''', click Close.

Now you can type extended characters using the RightWin key (next to AltGr), according to [http://cvs.gnome.org/viewcvs/gtk%2B/gtk/gtkimcontextsimple.c?view=markup this keyboard settings file].
Specifically, the lines that start with ''GDK_Multi_key'' are those that we can use here. The '''Compose''' key is actually '''GDK_Multi_key'''.

Some examples,
*RightWin + C + = produces €
*RightWin + = + C produces €
*RightWin + C + O produces ©
*RightWin + O + C produces ©
*RightWin + a + ' produces á
*RightWin + a + " produces ä
*RightWin + a + ` produces à
*RightWin + a + ~ produces ã
*RightWin + a + * produces å
*RightWin + a + ^ produces â
*RightWin + a + > produces â
*RightWin + a + , produces ą
*RightWin + e + - produces ē
*RightWin + S + 1 produces ¹
*RightWin + S + 2 produces ²
*RightWin + S + 3 produces ³

==== How to install ubuntu-title font used in Ubuntu logo ====
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
sudo apt-get install ttf-ubuntu-title
Now you can use this font in your favorite applications

== Servers ==

=== AntiVirus Server ===

==== How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install clamav

==== How to manually update virus databases ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server]]

sudo freshclam

==== How to manually scan files/folders for viruses ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server]]

sudo clamscan -r /location_of_files_or_folders

==== How to automatically scan files/folders for viruses ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install ClamAV AntiVirus Server]]

:''e.g. Automatically scan files/folders for viruses at midnight everyday''
:'' * * * * * means minute hour date month year''

export EDITOR=gedit && sudo crontab -e

*Append the following line at the end of file

00 00 * * * sudo clamscan -r /location_of_files_or_folders

*Save the edited file

=== Print Server (cupsd)===
*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

==== How to install cupsd ====

:''Cupsd should be automatically installed during standard instaltion. Checkout if there is a file "/etc/init.d/cupsys". If you want to manually install it, do''

sudo apt-get install cupsys*

==== How to add a printer ====

:'' In gnome click on "System/Administration/Printing. And choose "Add printer". A "add printer wizard" should start and tell you what to do.''

==== How to print on remote Ubuntu machine from another Ubuntu machine ====

*Make sure your local printer is well configured.

*Server ip address: 192.168.0.1
*Client ip address: 192.168.0.23

**Server configuration

sudo cp /etc/cups/cupsd.conf /etc/cups/cupsd.conf.backup
sudo gedit /etc/cups/cupsd.conf

:''find the block''

<Location />
...
Allow localhost
...
</Location>

:'' and add the following line into it.''

Allow 192.168.0.23

:''Restart cups.''
sudo /etc/init.d/cupsys restart

**Client configuration

sudo cp /etc/cups/client.conf /etc/cups/client.conf.backup
sudo gedit /etc/cups/client.conf

:''And add the following line into it.''

ServerName 192.168.0.1

:''Restart cups.''
sudo /etc/init.d/cupsys restart

:''Now try "lpq" and you should see something like''

vitek@lightfox:~$ lpq
HPLJ6P is ready
no entries

==== How to print on remote Ubuntu machine from a Windows machine ====
*Read [[#How to install Samba Server for files/folders sharing service ]]
*Read [[#How to print on remote Ubuntu machine via samba]]

=== Samba Server ===

==== Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install samba
sudo apt-get install smbfs

==== How to add/edit/delete network users ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]
*To add network user
**Read [[#How to add/edit/delete system users]]

sudo smbpasswd -a system_username
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smbusers

**Insert the following line into the new file

system_username = "network username"

**Save the edited file
*To edit network user

sudo smbpasswd -a system_username

*To delete network user

sudo smbpasswd -x system_username

==== How to share home folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following lines

security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to add/edit/delete network users]]

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to share home folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following lines

security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

*Find this section

...
# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change next
# parameter to 'yes' if you want to be able to write to them.
writable = no
...

*Replace with the following lines

# By default, the home directories are exported read-only. Change next
# parameter to 'yes' if you want to be able to write to them.
writable = yes

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to add/edit/delete network users]]

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to share group folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo mkdir /home/group
sudo chmod 777 /home/group/
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following lines

security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

*Append the following lines at the end of file

[Group]
comment = Group Folder
path = /home/group
public = yes
writable = no
valid users = system_username1 system_username2
create mask = 0700
directory mask = 0700
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to add/edit/delete network users]]

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to share group folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo mkdir /home/group
sudo chmod 777 /home/group/
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following lines

security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

*Append the following lines at the end of file

[Group]
comment = Group Folder
path = /home/group
public = yes
writable = yes
valid users = system_username1 system_username2
create mask = 0700
directory mask = 0700
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to add/edit/delete network users]]

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=Yes) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo mkdir /home/public
sudo chmod 777 /home/public/
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following lines

security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

*Append the following lines at the end of file

[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = no
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to add/edit/delete network users]]

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=Yes) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo mkdir /home/public
sudo chmod 777 /home/public/
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following lines

security = user
username map = /etc/samba/smbusers

*Append the following lines at the end of file

[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = yes
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

*Save the edited file
*Read [[#How to add/edit/delete network users]]

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to share public folders with read only permission (Authentication=No) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo mkdir /home/public
sudo chmod 777 /home/public/
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following line

security = share

*Append the following lines at the end of file

[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = no
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

*Save the edited file

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to share public folders with read/write permissions (Authentication=No) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[# Paano maginstall ng Samba Server para sa files/folders sharing service]]

sudo mkdir /home/public
sudo chmod 777 /home/public/
sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

*Find this line

...
; security = user
...

*Replace with the following line

security = share

*Append the following lines at the end of file

[public]
comment = Public Folder
path = /home/public
public = yes
writable = yes
create mask = 0777
directory mask = 0777
force user = nobody
force group = nogroup

*Save the edited file

sudo testparm
sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart

==== How to print on remote Ubuntu machine via samba ====
*Read [[#Print Server (cupsd)]]
*Make sure your Ubuntu printers are configured properly.

sudo cp /etc/samba/smb.conf /etc/samba/smb.conf.backup
gedit /etc/samba/smb.conf

:''Find the following lines''

...
# printing = cups
# printcap name = cups
...

:'' and uncomment them.''
printing = cups
printcap name = cups

:''Restart cups server''
sudo /etc/init.d/cupsys restart

:'' Now printers working on your Ubuntu machine should be acessible via samba.''

=== SSH Server ===

==== How to install SSH Server for remote administration service ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install ssh

==== How to SSH into remote Ubuntu machine ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1''

ssh username@192.168.0.1

==== How to copy files/folders from remote Ubuntu machine into local machine (scp) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt''
:'' Local machine save location: . (current directory)''

scp -r username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .

==== How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Ubuntu machine (scp) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''
:'' Local files/folders location: localfile.txt''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine save location: /home/username/''

scp -r localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/

==== How to copy files/folders from remote Ubuntu machine into local machine (rsync) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Remote files/folders location: /home/username/remotefile.txt''
:'' Local machine save location: . (current directory)''

rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/remotefile.txt .

==== How to copy files/folders from local machine into remote Ubuntu machine (rsync) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''
:'' Local files/folders location: localfile.txt''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Remote Ubuntu machine save location: /home/username/''

rsync -v -u -a --delete --rsh=ssh --stats localfile.txt username@192.168.0.1:/home/username/

==== How to mount remote folders into local Ubuntu machine (sshfs) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote machine has installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''
:'' Remote machine: 192.168.0.1''
:'' Remote machine folder location: /media/music''

*Install sshfs

sudo apt-get install sshfs

*Load kernel driver for sshfs

sudo modprobe fuse

*For permanent use add 'fuse' at the end of /etc/modules

sudo gedit /etc/modules

*Join the 'fuse' user group

sudo adduser your_user_name fuse

*Create local mountpoint in your home directory

mkdir ~/remote_music

*Mount the remote folder into ~/remote_music

sshfs 192.168.0.1:/meida/music ~/remote_music

==== How to SSH into remote Ubuntu machine via Windows machine ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''

*Download PuTTY: [http://the.earth.li/~sgtatham/putty/latest/x86/putty.exe Here]

==== How to copy files/folders from/into remote Ubuntu machine via Windows machine ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed SSH Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install SSH Server for remote administration service]]''

*Download FileZilla: [http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/filezilla/FileZilla_2_2_18_setup.exe?download Here]

==== How to limit the user accounts that can connect through ssh remotely ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. If you enable the SSH server, then any user with a valid account can connect remotely''
:'' This can lead to security risks, as there exist remote password cracking tools that''
:'' try common username/password pairs. ''

*Keep a backup of the ssh server configuration file with
''sudo cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config.ORIGINAL''
*Edit the configuration file
''sudo gedit /etc/ssh/sshd_config''
*Change the parameter ''PermitRootLogin'' from ''yes'' to ''no''. The superuser must not be able to connect directly from remote.
*Add the parameter ''AllowUsers'' and specify the usernames (space separated) that can connect remotely.
*You can also use ''DenyUsers'' for fine-grained selection of users.
*If you enable the openssh server and you have no intention for now to enable remote connections, you may add ''AllowUsers nosuchuserhere'' to disable anyone connecting.

=== DHCP Server ===

==== How to install DHCP Server for automatic IP addresses assignment ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

:''e.g. Assumed that "eth0" is the interface for network card''
:'' IP Address Range: 192.168.0.100 to 192.168.0.200''
:'' Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0''
:'' DNS Servers: 202.188.0.133, 202.188.1.5''
:'' Domains: tm.net.my''
:'' Gateway Address: 192.168.0.1''

sudo apt-get install dhcp3-server
sudo cp /etc/default/dhcp3-server /etc/default/dhcp3-server_backup
sudo gedit /etc/default/dhcp3-server

*Find this line

...
INTERFACES=""

*Replace with the following line

INTERFACES="eth0"

*Save the edited file

sudo cp /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf

*Find this section

...
# option definitions common to all supported networks...
option domain-name "example.org";
option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
...

*Replace with the following lines

# option definitions common to all supported networks...
#option domain-name "example.org";
#option domain-name-servers ns1.example.org, ns2.example.org;

#default-lease-time 600;
#max-lease-time 7200;

*Find this section

...
# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
#subnet 10.5.5.0 netmask 255.255.255.224 {
# range 10.5.5.26 10.5.5.30;
# option domain-name-servers ns1.internal.example.org;
# option domain-name "internal.example.org";
# option routers 10.5.5.1;
# option broadcast-address 10.5.5.31;
# default-lease-time 600;
# max-lease-time 7200;
#}
...

*Replace with the following lines

# A slightly different configuration for an internal subnet.
subnet 192.168.0.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.0.100 192.168.0.200;
option domain-name-servers 202.188.0.133, 202.188.1.5;
option domain-name "tm.net.my";
option routers 192.168.0.1;
option broadcast-address 192.168.0.255;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/dhcp3-server restart

=== Database Server ===

==== How to install MYSQL Database Server ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install mysql-server

*MySQL initially only allows connections from the localhost (127.0.0.1). We'll need to remove that restriction if you wish to make it accessible to everyone on the internet. Open the file /etc/mysql/my.cnf

sudo gedit /etc/mysql/my.cnf

*Find the line ''bind-address = 127.0.0.1'' and comment it out

...
#bind-address = 127.0.0.1
...

*MySQL comes with no root password as default. This is a huge security risk. You'll need to set one. So that the local computer gets root access as well, you'll need to set a password for that too. The local-machine-name is the name of the computer you're working on. For more information see [http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/default-privileges.html here]

mysqladmin -u root password your-new-password
mysqladmin -h root@local-machine-name -u root password your-new-password
sudo /etc/init.d/mysql restart

==== How to install MYSQL Administrator ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install MYSQL Database Server]]

sudo apt-get install mysql-admin

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]
*Applications -> System Tools -> MySQL Administrator

=== Apache HTTP Server ===

==== How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install apache2

*http://localhost

==== How to install PHP for Apache HTTP Server ====
===== How to install PHP4 =====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]

sudo apt-get install php4
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php4
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

*To test if php4 installed correctly

sudo gedit /var/www/testphp.php

*Insert the following line into the new file

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

*Save the edited file
*http://localhost/testphp.php
*Be sure to remove the file afterwards, as it may pose a security risk

===== How to install PHP5 =====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]

sudo apt-get install php5
sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-php5
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

*To test if php5 installed correctly

sudo gedit /var/www/testphp.php

*Insert the following line into the new file

<?php phpinfo(); ?>

*Save the edited file
*http://localhost/testphp.php
*Be sure to remove the file afterwards, as it may pose a security risk

==== How to install MYSQL for Apache HTTP Server ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]
*Read [[#How to install PHP for Apache HTTP Server]]
*Read [[#How to install MYSQL Database Server]]

sudo apt-get install libapache2-mod-auth-mysql

*Select either php4-mysql or php5-mysql depending on which version of PHP you installed

sudo apt-get install php<version-number>-mysql
sudo apt-get install phpmyadmin

*To get PHP to work with MySQL, open the file (where <version> is either 4 or 5 depending on which PHP you installed)

sudo gedit /etc/php<version>/apache2/php.ini

*You'll need to uncomment the ";extension=mysql.so" line so that it looks like this

...
extension=mysql.so
...

*Save the file then exit

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

*http://localhost/phpmyadmin

==== How to map URLs to folders outside /var/www/ ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]

sudo gedit /etc/apache2/conf.d/alias

*Insert the following lines into the new file

Alias /URL-path /location_of_folder/

<Directory /location_of_folder/>
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride All
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

*http://localhost/URL-path

==== How to change the default port number for Apache HTTP Server ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that new port number is 78''

sudo cp /etc/apache2/ports.conf /etc/apache2/ports.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/apache2/ports.conf

*Find this line

Listen 80

*Replace with the following line

Listen 78

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart

*http://localhost:78

==== How to parse RSS into PHP for Apache HTTP Server ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]
*Read [[#How to install PHP for Apache HTTP Server]]

:''e.g. Assumed that RSS is DistroWatch.com - News''

wget -c http://easylinux.info/uploads/magpierss-0.71.1.tar.gz
sudo mkdir /var/www/feeds
sudo tar zxvf magpierss-0.71.1.tar.gz -C /var/www/feeds/
sudo mv /var/www/feeds/magpierss-0.71.1/* /var/www/feeds/
sudo rm -fr /var/www/feeds/magpierss-0.71.1/
sudo chown -R www-data:root /var/www/feeds/
sudo gedit /var/www/feeds/index.php

*Insert the following lines into the new file

<nowiki>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">

<head>

<title>DistroWatch.com - News</title>

<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1"/>

<style type="text/css">
/*<![CDATA[*/
/*
DEFAULT TAG STYLES
*/

body {
background: #ffffff;
margin-left: 20px;
font-family: bitstream vera sans,sans-serif;
font-size: 9pt;
}

h1 {
font-family: luxi sans,sans-serif;
font-size: 15pt;
}

/*]]>*/
</style>

</head>

<body>

<?php

require_once 'rss_fetch.inc';
error_reporting(E_ERROR);

$url = 'http://distrowatch.com/news/dw.xml';
$rss = fetch_rss($url);

if ($rss) {

echo "<h1>";
echo "<a href=$url>", $rss->channel[title], "</a><br/>";
echo "</h1>";

foreach ($rss->items as $item ) {
$url = $item[link];
$title = $item[title];
$description = $item[description];
echo "<li>";
echo "<b>Topic:</b> <a href=$url><b><u>$title</u></b></a><br/><br/>";
echo "$description<br/><br/>";
echo "</li>";
}

}
else {
echo "<a href=$url>", $url, "</a> - Server Down!<br/>";
}

?>

</body>

</html>
</nowiki>

*Save the edited file
*http://localhost/feeds/index.php

=== FTP Server ===

==== How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo apt-get install proftpd

==== How to configure FTP user to be "jailed" (chrooted) into their home directory ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service]]

sudo cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/proftpd.conf

*Find this section

...
DenyFilter \*.*/
...

*Add the following line below it

DefaultRoot ~

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/proftpd restart

==== How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read only ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service]]

sudo cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/proftpd.conf

*Append the following lines at the end of file

<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
<Directory *>
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Directory>
</Anonymous>

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/proftpd restart

==== How to configure FTP Server to allow anonymous FTP user to read/write ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service]]

sudo cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/proftpd.conf

*Append the following lines at the end of file

<Anonymous ~ftp>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
</Anonymous>

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/proftpd restart

==== How to map anonymous FTP user to folders outside /home/ftp/ ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service]]

sudo cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/proftpd.conf

*Append the following lines at the end of file

<Anonymous /location_of_folder/>
User ftp
Group nogroup
UserAlias anonymous ftp
DirFakeUser on ftp
DirFakeGroup on ftp
RequireValidShell off
MaxClients 10
DisplayLogin welcome.msg
DisplayFirstChdir .message
<Directory *>
<Limit WRITE>
DenyAll
</Limit>
</Directory>
</Anonymous>

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/proftpd restart

==== How to change the default port number for FTP Server ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that new port number is 77''

sudo cp /etc/proftpd.conf /etc/proftpd.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/proftpd.conf

*Find this line

Port 21

*Replace with the following line

Port 77

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/proftpd restart

==== How to ftp into remote Ubuntu machine via Windows machine ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

:''e.g. Assumed that remote Ubuntu machine have installed FTP Server service''
:'' Read [[#How to install FTP Server for File Transfer service]]''

*Download FileZilla: [http://prdownloads.sourceforge.net/filezilla/FileZilla_2_2_18_setup.exe?download Here]

=== Streaming Media Server ===

==== How to install GNUMP3d for Streaming Media Server service ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]

:''e.g. /var/music/ is the directory containing multimedia files''

sudo apt-get install gnump3d

*http://localhost:8888

==== How to change the default directory containing multimedia files for GNUMP3d ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install GNUMP3d for Streaming Media Server service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that new directory containing multimedia files is /home/music/''

sudo cp /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf

*Find this line

root = /var/music

*Replace with the following line

root = /home/music

*Find this line

user = gnump3d

*Replace with the following line

user = root

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/gnump3d restart

*http://localhost:8888

==== How to change the default port number for GNUMP3d ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install GNUMP3d for Streaming Media Server service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that new port number is 7878''

sudo cp /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/gnump3d/gnump3d.conf

*Find this line

port = 8888

*Replace with the following line

port = 7878

*Save the edited file

sudo /etc/init.d/gnump3d restart

*http://localhost:7878

=== Image Gallery Server ===

*For a comparison between Gallery1 and Gallery2 see [http://codex.gallery2.org/index.php/G1-G2_Comparison here]

==== Gallery1 ====

===== How to install Gallery1 for Image Gallery Server service =====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]
*Read [[#How to install Apache HTTP Server for HTTP (Web) Server service]]
*Read [[#How to install PHP for Apache HTTP Server]]

sudo apt-get install gallery (when prompted to restart Apache, choose No or Cancel)
sudo apt-get install imagemagick
sudo apt-get install jhead
sudo apt-get install libjpeg-progs
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
sudo sh /usr/share/gallery/configure.sh

*http://localhost/gallery/setup/index.php
*Gallery Configuration

Gallery Configuration Wizard: Step 1
Next Step ->

Gallery Configuration Wizard: Step 2
General settings Tab ->
Admin password: Specify the password

Locations and URLs Tab ->
Album directory: /var/www/albums/
Temporary directory: /tmp/
Gallery URL: http://localhost/gallery
Albums URL: http://localhost/albums
Next Step -->

Gallery Configuration Wizard: Step 3
Next Step -->

Gallery Configuration Wizard: Step 4
Save Config ->

*http://localhost/gallery/albums.php

===== How to configure Gallery1 to be accessible via Internet (Hostname or fix IP) or LAN (fix IP) =====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Gallery for Image Gallery Server service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network and internet connections have been configured properly''
:'' Internet (Hostname or fix IP) or LAN (fix IP): http://www.url.com''

sudo cp /etc/gallery/config.php /etc/gallery/config.php_backup
sudo gedit /etc/gallery/config.php

*Find this section

...
$gallery->app->photoAlbumURL = "http://localhost/gallery";
$gallery->app->albumDirURL = "http://localhost/albums";
...

*Replace with the following lines

$gallery->app->photoAlbumURL = "http://www.url.com/gallery";
$gallery->app->albumDirURL = "http://www.url.com/albums";

*Save the edited file
*http://www.url.com/gallery/albums.php

===== How to configure Gallery1 to be accessible via LAN (dynamic IP) =====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to install Gallery for Image Gallery Server service]]

:''e.g. Assumed that network connections have been configured properly''
:'' LAN (dynamic IP): 192.168.0.1''

sudo cp /etc/gallery/config.php /etc/gallery/config.php_backup
sudo gedit /etc/gallery/config.php

*Find this section

...
$gallery->app->photoAlbumURL = "http://localhost/gallery";
$gallery->app->albumDirURL = "http://localhost/albums";
...

*Replace with the following lines

$gallery->app->photoAlbumURL = "/gallery";
$gallery->app->albumDirURL = "/albums";

*Save the edited file
*http://192.168.0.1/gallery/albums.php

===== How to backup/restore Gallery1 data =====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*To backup Gallery data

sudo tar zcvf gallery.tgz /var/www/albums/ /etc/gallery/

*To restore Gallery data

sudo tar zxvf gallery.tgz -C /

==== Gallery2 ====
===== How to install Gallery2 =====
===== How to configure Gallery2 =====

== Troubleshooting ==

==== Configuring network interfaces... (taking too long to load) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to temporary skip boot-up services]]

==== Synchronizing clock to ntp.ubuntulinux.org... (taking too long to load) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Read [[#How to temporary skip boot-up services]]
*Read [[#How to permanently disable/enable boot-up services]]

service_name = ntpdate

==== How to disable system time/date from being reset to UTC (GMT) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo cp /etc/default/rcS /etc/default/rcS_backup
sudo gedit /etc/default/rcS

*Find this line

...
UTC=yes
...

*Replace with the following line

UTC=no

*Save the edited file
*System -> Administration -> Time and Date

Set the correct time/date

sudo /etc/init.d/hwclock.sh restart

==== How to configure sound to work properly in GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]
*Basahin ang [[#Paano magdagdag ng mga karagdagang repositoryo]]

sudo killall esd
sudo cp /etc/esound/esd.conf /etc/esound/esd.conf_backup
sudo gedit /etc/esound/esd.conf

*Find this section

...
auto_spawn=0
spawn_options=-terminate -nobeeps -as 5
...

*Replace with the following lines

auto_spawn=1
spawn_options=-terminate -nobeeps -as 2 -d default

*Save the edited file

sudo apt-get install libesd-alsa0
sudo gedit /etc/asound.conf

*Insert the following lines into the new file

pcm.card0 {
type hw
card 0
}

pcm.!default {
type plug
slave.pcm "dmixer"
}

pcm.dmixer {
type dmix
ipc_key 1025
slave {
pcm "hw:0,0"
period_time 0
period_size 2048
buffer_size 32768
rate 48000
}
bindings {
0 0
1 1
}
}

*Save the edited file

sudo ln -fs /usr/lib/libesd.so.0 /usr/lib/libesd.so.1

System -> Preferences -> Sound
Sound preferences

General Tab -> Sounds for events '''(Un-Checked)'''

*Save and close all opened applications, Reboot computer

==== How to forcefully empty Trash in GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo rm -fr $HOME/.Trash/

==== How to remove duplicate menu/menu items in GNOME ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

rm -f $HOME/.config/menus/applications.menu

*Basahin ang [[#Paano i-refresh ang GNOME panel]]

==== How to refresh Places menu in GNOME (if mounts to /media/ in /etc/fstab does not show up) ====

*Basahin ang [[#Mga Pangkalahatang Pansin]]

sudo /etc/init.d/dbus-1 restart

==== How to consume static (not dhcp) wireless LAN (WLAN) connection (KDE) ====
*I assume you have successfully consumed WLAN connection in Windows

*To enable the network device please follow the following steps
*Go to K-menu -> System Settings -> Network Settings
*Enable Administrator mode

*Select Network Interfaces tab and the wireless interface (usually ath0) to configure
*Click Configure Interface...
*Choose Manual or Automatic. Choose Manual
*Fill the preferred IP address to identify your computer and the netmask. Choose to activate when computer starts
*Click Advanced Settings to for more properties

*Select Routes tab and fill the gateway IP address
*Make sure you choose the correct device in the right dropdown (e.g. ath0)
*Click apply to commit all changes

*To choose wireless connection please follow the following steps
*Go to K-menu -> Internet -> Wireless Assistant
*Right click on preferred connection ssid
*Choose and complete fields for Manual connection
*Click Ok

*Create connection configuration

sudo gedit /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf

*Insert the following lines into the new file

network={
ssid="YOUR_PREFERRED_CONNECTION_SSID"
scan_ssid=1
proto=WPA
key_mgmt=WPA-PSK
psk="STRING_TO_GENERATE_PASSWORD"
#psk=123456789 #you have option to use connection key instead of connection password
}

*Save the edited file
*Create script to easily activate connection

sudo gedit /etc/init.d/wifi_wpa.sh

*Insert the following lines into the new file

#! /bin/sh
# wifi: wpa_supplicant init
echo " * [Wifi]: Enabling WPA supplicant..."
if [ -x /sbin/wpa_supplicant ]; then
/sbin/wpa_supplicant -B -i ath0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf -D madwifi -w
fi
exit 0

*Save the edited file
*Make sure both file readable and executable

sudo chmod +r /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/wifi_wpa.sh

*make wireless connection automaticaly starts when computer starts

sudo ln -s /etc/init.d/wifi_wpa.sh /etc/rcS.d/S40netwifiwpa

*Close all opened applications, Reboot computer

== Upgrading Ubuntu ==

==== Paano mag-upgrade mula Hoary Hedgehog -> Breezy Badger -> Dapper Drake ====

*Una, siguraduhing ikaw ay fully upgraded:
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade

*Kung wala kang CD na magagamit SIGURADUHING i-comment/tanggalin ang line na tumutukoy sa iyong CD media
sudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list

'''/etc/apt/sources.list'''

''para sa upgrade papunta sa breezy ang iyong sources.list ay dapat katulad nito:''

<nowiki>## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch updated software from the network</nowiki>
<nowiki>deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted</nowiki>
<nowiki>deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy main restricted</nowiki>

<nowiki>## Uncomment the following two lines to fetch major bug fix updates produced</nowiki>
<nowiki>## after the final release of the distribution.</nowiki>
<nowiki>deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted</nowiki>
<nowiki>deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-updates main restricted</nowiki>

<nowiki>## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'universe'</nowiki>
<nowiki>## repository.</nowiki>
<nowiki>## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu</nowiki>
<nowiki>## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to</nowiki>
<nowiki>## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in</nowiki>
<nowiki>## universe WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu security</nowiki>
<nowiki>## team.</nowiki><br/>
<nowiki>deb http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe</nowiki>
<nowiki>deb-src http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy universe</nowiki>

<nowiki>deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted</nowiki>
<nowiki>deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security main restricted</nowiki>

<nowiki>deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe</nowiki>
<nowiki>deb-src http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu breezy-security universe</nowiki></div>

*Para mag-upgrade mula breezy papuntang dapper, palitan lamang (ctrl+h) ang lahat ng 'breezy' ng 'dapper' sa /etc/apt/sources.list

*I-save ang file.
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get upgrade
sudo apt-get dist-upgrade
*I-save ang iyong session, reboot, at mag-enjoy.

Pahintulot:
*HINDI ko po ipinapayong mag-upgrade diretso mula hoary papuntang dapper. Upgrade: hoary->breezy->dapper

==== How to upgrade from Dapper Drake to Edgy Eft (experimental) ====

*coming soon...

== Removed Topics ==

* Topics that have been removed from this guide can be found [http://linux.edu.lv/index.php?name=Forums&file=viewtopic&t=73 here]

Ubuntu dapper ph - Revision history

Perspectoff: Reverted to version before vandalism -- when will guide put in Recaptcha?